Pediatric Bone Marrow

About this book

No other book covers as extensively the pathology of the bone marrow in children. It provides a wide background for the understanding of bone marrow disease in children and its difference from that of the adult population. It illustrates the morphology of the peripheral blood, bone marrow aspirate and bone marrow biopsy. It is useful for the diagnosis of pediatric disorders in the bone marrow as a guide for pediatric pathologists, hematologists, oncologists and medical technologists or any physician involved in the diagnosis of pediatric bone marrow disorders.

Written for:

• Pathologists, hematologists, oncologists, pediatricians
• Keywords:
• Bone Marrow
• Bone Marrow Pathology
• Hematological disorders
• Hematology
• Oncology

Contents

Chapter 1 - Normal Bone Marrow

• References

Chapter 2 - Inherited Bone Marrow Failure

• Introduction
• Inherited Hematopoietic Syndromes
• Associated with Pancytopenia
• Fanconi Anemia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Dyskeratosis Congenita
  • Laboratory Findings
• Shwachman-Diamond Syndrome
  • Laboratory Findings
• Congenital Amegakaryocytic
• Thrombocytopenia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Rare Familial Marrow Failure Syndromes
• Inherited Hematopoietic Syndromes
• Associated with Single Cytopenia
• Diamond-Blackfan Anemia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Congenital Dyserythropoietic Anemias
• Severe Congenital Neutropenia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Cyclic Neutropenia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Chronic Benign Neutropenia
• Thrombocytopenia with Absent Radii
  • Laboratory Findings
• Inherited Disorders of the Leukocytes
• Associated with Change in their Morphology
• Pelger-Hüet Anomaly
• May-Hegglin Anomaly
• Chédiak-Higashi Syndrome
• Alder-Reilly Anomaly
• Other Morphological Abnormalities
• Inherited Immunodeficiency
• Reticular Dysgenesis
• (Alymphocytic Neutropenia)
  • Laboratory Findings
• X-Linked Agammaglobulinemia
• (Bruton Agammaglobulinemia)
  • Laboratory Findings
• Cartilage-Hair Hypoplasia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome
  • Laboratory Findings
• Omenn Syndrome
  • Laboratory Findings
• Inherited Sideroblastic Anemias
  • Laboratory Findings
• Aminolevulinate Synthase (ALAS2)
• Deficiency
• Pearson Syndrome
• Osteopetrosis
  • Laboratory Findings
• References

Chapter 3 - Macrophage- and Dendritic-Cell-Related Disorders Including the Lysosomal Storage Disorders

• Introduction
• Storage Disorders
• Gaucher Disease
  • Laboratory Findings
• Niemann-Pick Disease
  • Laboratory Findings
• Wolman Disease
• Fabry Disease
• Sialidoses
• Gangliosidosis GM1 and GM2
• Fucosidosis
• Mannosidosis
• Glycogen Storage Diseases
• Mucopolysaccharidosis
• Cystinosis
• Primary Hyperoxaluria
• Sea-blue Histiocytosis
• Histiocytosis
• Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis
  • Laboratory Findings
• Xanthoma Disseminatum
• Macrophage-Related Disorders
• Hemophagocytic Syndrome
  • Laboratory Findings
• References

Chapter 4 - Bone Marrow Infections

• Introduction
• Infection-Associated
• Hemophagocytic Syndrome
• Granulomas
• Bacterial Infections
• Mycobacteria
• Ehrlichiosis
• Fungus
• Viruses
• Human Parvovirus B19
• Epstein-Barr-Virus
• Cytomegalovirus
• Human Immune Deficiency Virus
• Human Herpesvirus Type 6
• Other Viruses
• Parasites
• Malaria
• Other Parasites
• References

Chapter 5 - Bone Marrow Metastases

• Introduction
  • Laboratory Findings
• Neuroblastoma
  • Laboratory Findings
• Rhabdomyosarcoma
  • Laboratory Findings
• Ewing Family of Tumors
  • Laboratory Findings
• Desmoplastic Small Round-Cell Tumor
• Central Nervous System
  • Laboratory Findings
• Other Metastatic Tumors
• References

Chapter 6 - Hematologic Manifestations of Trisomy 21

• Introduction
  • Laboratory Findings
• Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia (FAB M7)
• Introduction
  • Laboratory Findings
• Cytochemistry and Immunocytochemistry
• Electron Microscopy
• Cytogenetic and Molecular Genetics
• References

Chapter 7 - Myelodysplastic Syndromes

• Myelodysplastic and Myeloproliferative Disorders
• Introduction
• Myelodysplastic Syndromes
• Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Monosomy 7 Syndrome
• Unclassifiable Myelodysplastic Syndromes
• MDSs that Fit the FAB Classification in Children
  • Laboratory Findings
• Myeloproliferative Disorders
• Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Chronic Neutrophilic Leukemia
• Polycythemia Disorders
• Polycythemia Vera
  • Laboratory Findings
• Essential Thrombocythemia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Hypereosinophilic Syndrome / Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Systemic Mastocytosis
  • Laboratory Findings
• References

Chapter 8 - Acute Myeloid Leukemia

• Introduction
• Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Minimal Differentiation (FAB M0)
• Acute Myeloid Leukemia without Maturation (FAB M1)
• Acute Myeloid Leukemia with Maturation (FAB M2)
• Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (FAB M3)
• Acute Myelomonocytic Leukemia (FAB M4)
• Acute Monoblastic Leukemia (M5)
• Acute Erythroleukemia (M6)
• Acute Megakaryoblastic Leukemia (M7)
• Acute Basophilic Leukemia
• Minimal Residual Disease
• Therapy-Related Acute Leukemia
• Congenital Leukemia
• Recurrent Chromosomal Abnormalities
• Acute Leukemia of Ambiguous Lineage
• References

Chapter 9 - Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia and Lymphoma

• Introduction
• Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia / Lymphoblastic Lymphoma
  • Laboratory Findings
• Minimal Residual Disease
• Lymphomas
• Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
• Large-Cell Lymphomas
• Anaplastic Large-Cell Lymphoma
  • Laboratory Findings
• Hodgkin Lymphoma
  • Laboratory Findings
• References

Chapter 10 - Anemias

• Introduction
• Microcytic Anemias
• Iron Deficiency Anemia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Macrocytic Anemias
• B12 and Folic Deficiency
  • Laboratory Findings
• Normocytic Anemias
• Hemolytic Anemias
• Hereditary Hemolytic Anemias
• Red Blood Cell Membrane Disorders
• Hereditary Spherocytosis
  • Laboratory Findings
• Hereditary Elliptocytosis Syndromes
  • Laboratory Findings
• Other Inherited Disorders of the Red-Cell Membrane
• Hereditary Anemias Due to Hemoglobin Abnormalities
• Sickle Cell Anemia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Thalassemia Syndromes
• Thalassemias
  • Laboratory Findings
• Thalassemias
• Acquired Hemolytic Anemia
• Hemolytic Disease of Newborn
  • Laboratory Findings
• Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia
  • Laboratory Findings
• Acquired Non-Immune Hemolytic Anemias
• Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria
• Transient Erythroblastopenia of Childhood
• Aplastic Anemia
  • Laboratory Findings
• References
• Subject Index