Acrodermatitis Enteropathica. a Clinician's Guide

Description

This new text provides insight and treatment options for the covered disease, including dozens of high quality photographs, illustrations, and clinical tables. Topics covered include the history of the disease, categories of the disorder, molecular analysis, epidemiology, effects on body systems, disorder symptoms, and treatment. Acrodermatitis Enteropathica is a rare disorder of zinc metabolism that occurs in one of two forms: inborn and acquired. If untreated, the disease is fatal and affected individuals may die within just a few years, but since there is no cure for the condition, it is critical that physicians are aware of the signs and symptoms related to AE and the appropriate treatments available for patients. A Comprehensive Guide to Acrodermatitis Enteropathica is the only book of its kind to give insight into this rare disorder. Written by and for dermatologists, pediatric specialists, and ObGYN’s, this book contains one of the largest clinical research studies done on Acrodermatitis Enteropathica over the last decade.?

Contents

Part I: Overview of Disorder

1 History of Acrodermatitis Enteropathica

2 Epidemiology and Etiology
2.1 Epidemiology
2.2 Etiology
2.2.1 Molecular Etiology of AE
2.2.2 Hypothetical Etiology 1: the Alteration of Zinc Bioavailability
2.2.3 Hypothetical Etiology 2: a Defective Zinc Transporter
2.2.4 Alternative Forms of AE-like Zinc Deficiencies

3 Analysis of Disorder

3.1 Clinical Forms of AE

3.2 Nomenclature of Zinc Deficiencies

3.3 Acquired Non-hereditary Zinc Deficiency

3.3.1 Zinc Deficient Maternal Breast Milk

3.3.2 Zinc Deficient Caused by Metabolism Disorders

4 Clinical Symptoms

5 Diagnosis
5.1 Laboratory Diagnosis of Zinc Deficiency
5.2 Histopathology
5.3 Biological Diagnosis of AE
5.4 Clinical Diagnosis
5.5 Molecular Diagnosis
5.6 Differential Diagnosis

6 Disease Course and Treatment
6.1 Treatment

Part II: Review of Roles of Zinc in Metabolism

7 The Role of Zinc in Different Body Systems
7.1 Biochemistry of Zinc Metabolism
7.2 Skin and Hair Physiology
7.3 Gastrointestinal System and Other Organs
7.4 Neurological Development, Growth, and Mental Status
7.5 Enzymes
7.6 Endocrine System
7.7 Metabolism of Nucleic Acids
7.8 Mitosis and Meiosis Cycles
7.9 Cell Membranes
7.10 Synthesis of Proteins and Collagen
7.11 Immune System

Part III: Case Descriptions of Acrodermatitis Enteropathica

8 History of AE in Adults

9 Iranian Hospital Cases in Literature
9.1 Patient One
9.2 Patient Two
9.3 Patient Three
9.4 Patient Four
9.5 Zinc Deficiency Similarities to AE in Infants (Fifth Patient)

Part IV: Acrodermatitis Enteropathica Clinical Research

10 Clinical Research
10.1 Abstract
10.2 Synopsis of Study
10.3 Purpose of Study
10.4 The Considered Hypotheses
10.5 Introduction
10.5 Methods
10.6 Ethical Considerations
10.7 Results
10.8 Discussion

11 Evaluation of Symptoms in Razi Dermatology Hospital

12 Case Photos

Author

Pooya Khan Mohammad Beigi is Clinical Research Fellow at the Child & Family Research Institute and Grace Fertility Center (British Columbia, Canada), President/Owner of the NWM Medical Clinic (British Columbia), Founder/CEO of the Misdiagnosis Association and Society (Seattle, WA, USA), and Founder/CEO of the Father Charity Society (British Columbia).

Born in Iran, Dr. Beigi immigrated to Canada in 2010, bringing with him a Medical Doctorate from Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), considerable skills in medical research, and experience in the management of medical clinics as Medical Director of Iran’s central office of the International Surveillance Border Unit (ISBU), located at Imam Khomeini International Airport in Tehran.

Established by TUMS and under the supervision of World Health Organization (WHO) and Iran Ministry of Health, the ISBU has responsibility for all matters pertaining to the health of passengers, including monitoring potential diseases and controlling outbreaks within Iran’s borders. Under his five years of management leadership, Dr. Beigi launched other surveillance border units and medical centers at airports across Iran.

Soon after immigrating to Canada from Iran in 2010, Pooya did volunteer work as Emergency Room Assistant at Vancouver General Hospital. In the same year, he served as Managing Assistant and Clinical Consultant at Northwest Pharmaceutical Incorporation (British Columbia).

In August 2010, Dr. Beigi founded the NWM Medical Clinic. Located in North Vancouver, Canada, the clinic includes three to four family physicians who visit their regular patients and two to three physicians who visit walk-in patients. In addition to clinical services, this clinic is active in research projects.

With his experience in medical clinics (in Canada and Iran), Dr. Beigi determined to patent a new method for management and running of medical clinics. Thus, he holds patent approval for "Father Medical Clinic; All Opinions In One Medical Clinic" from both the U.S. (United States Patent and Trademark Office) and Canada (Canadian Intellectual Property Office).

In 2012, Dr. Beigi founded the Father Charity Society with the goal of helping patients in need, especially those in underdeveloped countries. This Charity Society collaborates with a number of physicians and nurses employed in underdeveloped countries, who identify patients in need and refer them to the Society to receive the necessary medications or facilitate treatments for them.

In September 2014, Dr. Beigi established the Misdiagnosis Association and Society in Seattle, USA, with the aim of collecting and preparing one of the most comprehensive databases of misdiagnosis cases and related medical information in the world, in collaboration with universities, clinics and physicians. (In addition to his medical education, Dr. Beigi is a graduate of the Islamic Azad University, Tehran Central Branch, in the field of computer software. His considerable knowledge in this field has helped him to view medicine not only as a profession, but also as a great humanitarian mission in the law of the universe.)
Dr. Beigi has presented his research to more than 8 international conferences, including the 2nd BC eHealth and Innovative Technology, the Canadian Pharmacists 2015, and the 23rd World Congress of Dermatology, and he has had 4 books published in the medical field.
There is also an artistic side to Pooya’s life, which is Music. Playing piano since he was 6 years old, Dr. Beigi has had 5 books published pertaining to music education.

As Clinical Research Fellow at Child & Family Research Institute (CFRI) and Grace Fertility Center since September 2014, Dr. Beigi is studying the effect of diet, stress and exercise on male fertility (Dr. Anthony P. Cheung, supervisor).
Since 2012, Dr. Beigi has been collaborating with Dr. Kimberly Sears, Co-Director of Master Program and Deputy Director of Healthcare Quality, at Queens University of Ontario, to conduct research studies in his own medical clinic and other clinics and pharmacies in Vancouver. One of the Research studies, Evaluation of Medication Safety in a Pharmacy in Vancouver, will be published in Canadian Pharmacists Journal in May 2015.

Since 1999, Dr. Beigi has been collaborating with Dr. Batool Rashidi, Deputy of Research at Vali-Asr Research Center at Imam Khomeini Hospital (with more than 2800 beds), affiliated with Tehran University of Medical Sciences. In 2011, they published a paper about Infertility Stress in the Journal of Family and Reproductive Health. Three other research studies are also being conducted.
Since 1998, Dr. Beigi has also been collaborating with Dr. Hassan Seirafi and Dr. Fashad Farnaghi at Razi Hospital at Tehran University of Medical Science, Iran, conducting research in regards to a rare disease called Acrodermatitis Entropathica (AE). Dr. Beigi chose it as his thesis topic, and it is to be published by Springer Publication in New York in August 2015.
Most recently, Dr. Beigi has linked Tehran Medical University with de Nantes Molecular Laboratory at Nantes University in order to conduct a variety of molecular research studies with which they aim to increase the accuracy of the diagnosis of genetic disorders and diseases.

Dr. Beigi is also an editor of the Journal of Family and Reproductive Health, and he will soon be publishing another book in the medical field, in collaboration with the University of California, Davis.

Before immigrating to Canada, Dr. Beigi managed the International Surveillance Border Unit (ISBU) as Medical Director from 2005 to 2010. He received his M.D. (Medical Doctorate) from Tehran University of Medical Sciences (Tehran, Iran) in 2005, and did several Internships at Sina Hospital, Bahrami Hospital, Amiralam Hospital, and other hospitals in Tehran, covering the fields of General Surgery, Pediatrics, Otolaryngology, Ophthalmology, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Psychiatry, and Internal Medicine, as well as Public Health at the Research Center, Tehran. He ranked 16th among 1,200,000 participants in the University National Entrance Exam taken for entering Tehran Medical University.

Dr. Beigi is currently a Clinical Research Fellow and also pursuing a Masters of Science in Ob/Gyn from the University of British Columbia (Vancouver, Canada). In May 2015, he will be starting work towards a Masters of Public Health in Health Policy and Management in the United States.

Dr. Beigi has received Instructor Skills and training in Managing Projects from the University of British Columbia, where he has also participated in its International Teaching Assistant Program.