Dermatology in Clinical Practice

About this book

• Gives an insight into the common cutaneous disorders
• Discusses treatment in detail, giving a number of treatment options where required
• The front-line physician’s needs were kept in mind while writing each chapter
• Helps to demystify the diagnosis and management of tropical skin diseases
• Short, clear and easy to read, with an emphasis on practical relevant information

Skin problems are common complaints, as many as one in five of all primary care consultations are for dermatologic reasons, yet many clinicians find skin rashes difficult to diagnose. Dermatology in Clinical Practice has been created to assist all physicians, but particularly for primary care physicians, helping them in developing a methodical approach to manage patients with dermatologic symptoms.

The authors focus on the common skin problems, and discuss the diagnosis and treatment of these disorders in depth. The book also details topical, systemic and the physical modalities used in treating skin disease, while The urare skin diseases are only mentioned when required.

Cutaneous manifestations of systemic diseases are reviewed, enabling readers to correlate common medical and dermatologic findings. The primary care physician often refers cases to dermatology clinics for more complex dermatologic procedures, such as phototherapy, cryosurgery, and laser surgery. These procedures and a review of the diagnostic process leading up to their use are included in a carefully structured appendix.

This book is a vital practical reference for primary care, family medicine, and emergency medicine physicians, in addition to nursing staff and other support staff involved in the management of patients presenting with dermatologic conditions.

Written for: Residents and fellows specializing in dermatology, primary care and family medicine practitioners specializing in dermatology

Keywords: Dermatology

Table of contents

Chapter 1 SKIN – STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
Epidermis; Basement membrane; Dermis; Epidermal appendages; Subcutaneous tissues; Functions of skin

Chapter 2 IMMUNE SYSTEM OF THE SKIN
Stratum Corneum; Cellular components of the immune system; Molecular components of the immune system

Chapter 3 DIAGNOSIS OF SKIN DISEASE
History taking; Examination and special diagnostic procedures; Laboratory investigations; Primary and secondary lesions of the skin

Chapter 4 BACTERIAL INFECTIONS
Normal cutaneous flora; Infections caused by streptococcus and staphylococcus; Hidradenitis suppurative; Erythrasma, pitted keratolysis and trichomycosis axillaris; Tuberculosis; Leprosy; Pseudomonal infection; Sexually transmitted diseases (bacterial)-syphilis, gonorrhea and chancroid

Chapter 5 FUNGAL INFECTIONS
Diseases caused by dermatophytes; Pityriasis versicolor; Pityrosporum folliculitis; Candidiasis; Madura foot; Sporotrichosis; Deep mycosis

Chapter 6 VIRAL INFECTIONS
Herpes simplex, herpes zoster, chickenpox; Warts; Molluscum contagiosum; Hand foot and mouth disease; Erythema infectiosum; HIV infection

Chapter 7 PARASITIC INFESTATIONS AND DISEASE CAUSED BY ARTHROPODS
Scabies; Pediculosis; Leishmaniasis; Larva migrans; Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever; Lymes disease; Onchocerciasis; Loiasis; Insect bites; Papular urticaria

Chapter 8 ECZEMA
Classification, clinical features and treatment of eczema (General outline); Exogenous eczema; Endogenous eczema and prurigo nodularis

Chapter 9 KERATINIZING AND PAPULOSQUAMOUS DISORDERS
Psoriasis; Lichen planus; Pityriasis rosea; Pityriasis rubra pilaris; Parapsoriasis; Follicular keratosis; Hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles; Corns; Congenital Disorders of Keratinization- Dariers disease and ichthyosis

Chapter 10 DISEASES OF THE CONNECTIVE TISSUE
Lupus erythematosus; Dermatomyositis; Scleroderma; Sjorens syndrome; Mixed connective tissue disorder; Keloids; Knuckle pads; Hereditary Disorders- Psuedoxanthoma elasticum, cutis laxa and Ehlor Danlos syndrome

Chapter 11 BULLOUS DISORDERS
Mechanism of bulla formation; Pemphigus; Pemphigoid; Dermatitis herpetiformis; Chronic bullous disease of childhood; Acquired epidermolysis bullosa; Hereditary disorders- Epidermolysis bullosa, acrodermatitis enteropathica

Chapter 12 VASCULITIS AND COMMON ERYTHEMAS
Approach to a patient with vasculitis; Leucocytoclastic vasculitis; Henoch Schonlein purpura; Polyarteritis nodosa; Pyoderma gangrenosum; Giant cell arteritis; Erythema multiforme; Erythema nodosum; Common localized erythemas- flushing, erythema palmare. scarlatiniform erythema, morbilliform erythema; Pigmented purpuric dermatosis-Schambergs disease

Chapter 13 EXANTHEMS AND HYPERSENSITIVITY DISORDERS
Measles; Rubella; Scarlet fever; Hand foot and mouth disease; Hypersensitivity syndromes- Kawasakis disease, toxic shock syndrome, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome; Toxic epidermal necrolysis

Chapter 14 URTICARIA
Etiology, types, investigation and treatment; Mastocytosis

Chapter 15 LEG ULCERS
Venous ulcers; Arterial ulcers; Decubitis ulcers; Neuropathic ulcers

Chapter 16 DISORDERS OF PIGMENTATION
Albinism; Vitiligo; Melasma; Freckles; Acanthosis nigricans; Periorbital pigmentation

Chapter 17 DISORDERS OF ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION AND INJURIES DUE TO COLD
Skin types; Sites of photosensitive eruption; Effects of ultraviolet radiation on the skin; Protection against ultraviolet radiation; Photosensitive skin reactions; Skin diseases affected by sunlight; Congenital disorders- porphyrias, xeroderma pigmentosum; Injuries due to cold- asteotosis, chilblain, frostbite, Raynauds phenomenon

Chapter 18 PRURITUS
Etiology; Evaluation of an itching patient; Investigations; Treatment

Chapter 19 DISEASES OF THE SEBACEOUS, SWEAT AND APOCRINE GLANDS
Acne vulgaris; Rosacea; Perioral dermatitis; Hyperhidrosis of the hands and feet; Miliaria; Intertrigo; Bromhidrosis; Congenital disorders-anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia

Chapter 20 HAIR DISORDERS
Hirsutism; Androgenetic alopecia; Alopecia areata; Trichotillomania; Generalized hair loss; Scarring alopecia; Disorders of colour and texture; Pilomatricoma; Miscellaneous disorders-pityriasis amaintacea, pseudofolliculitis barbae, acne keloidalis

Chapter 21 NAIL DISORDERS
Paronychial disorders; Trauma and hemorrhages; Nail discoloration; Nail dystrophies; Yellow nail syndrome; Mucoid cyst; Tumors

Chapter 22 DISEASES OF SUBCUTANEOUS FAT
Panniculitis; Fat dystrophies; Dercums disease; Sclerema neonatorum; Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn; Cellulite

Chapter 23 TUMORS OF SKIN
Benign tumors; Premalignant lesions ; Malignant tumors.

Chapter 24 NEVI MALFORMATIONS AND HEREDITARY DISORDERS
Epidermal nevi; Vascular nevi; Pigmented nevi; Connective tissue nevi; Neurofibromatosis; Adenoma sebaceum

Chapter 25 MALNUTRITION AND SKIN
Generalized malnutrition; Marasmus; Kwashiokor; Treatment

Chapter 26 CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS OF SYSTEMIC DISEASE
Diabetes mellitus; Liver disease; Kidney disease; Rheumatoid arthritis; Hyperthyroidism; Hypothyroidism; Cushing syndrome; Addison’s disease; Acromegaly; Hyperlipidemias; Phenylketonuria; Sarcoidosis; Cutaneous manifestation of immunosuppression; Cutaneous manifestation of internal malignancy

Chapter 27 SKIN AND THE PSYCHE
The effects of skin disease on the psyche; The effects of the psyche on the skin; Delusion of parasitosis; Acne excoriee; Dermatological non-disease

Chapter 28 ERYTHRODERMA
Etiology; Systemic changes in erythroderma; Treatment; Course and prognosis

Chapter 29 AGES OF MAN AND THEIR DERMATOSES
Neonatal dermatoses; Changes in pregnancy and menopause; The aging skin

Chapter 30 DISORDERS OF THE ORAL CAVITY
Lesions of the oral cavity; Lesions of the tongue; Lesions of the lips

Chapter 31 CUTANEOUS MANIFESTATIONS OF EXTERNAL GENITALIA
Vulval dystrophies- Vulval intraepithelial dysplasia; Lichen sclerosis at atrophicus; Erythroplasia of Queyrat

Chapter 32 MISCELLANEOUS DISORDERS
Amyloidosis; Mucinosis; Langerhans cell histiocytosis; Benign Lymphocytic Cutaneous Infiltrations; Kyrles disease; Granuloma annulare; Reiters disease; Prurigo; Poikiloderma; Cutis verticis gyrata

Chapter 33 DRUG REACTIONS
Classification of drug reactions; Approach to diagnosis of drug reactions; Morphological classification of drug reactions; Fixed drug eruption; Exfoliative dermatitis; Treatment

Chapter 34 MANAGEMENT OF SKIN DISEASES
Principles of topical therapy; Systemic Drugs; Cryotherapy; Phototherapy; Lasers; Electrosurgery; Surgical excisions; Moh’s surgery

APPENDIX

Appendix-1. Compression bandaging for venous ulcers
Appendix-2. Patch and prick testing
Appendix-3. Removal of nails by urea
Appendix-4. Ultraviolet radiation and phototherapy
Appendix-5. Lasers
Appendix-6. Cryotherapy
Appendix-7. Management and care of wounds