Bone Repair Biomaterials

Description

The book is beautifully referenced. Certain chapters are recommended for all orthopaedic surgeons... For a new researcher it is an invaluable introduction from start to finish.
Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery

- provides a comprehensive review of the materials science, engineering principles and recent advances in this important area
- reviews the fundamentals of bone repair and regeneration addressing social, economic and clinical challenges
- examines the properties of biomaterials used for bone repair with specific chapters assessing metals, ceramics, polymers and composites
- discusses clinical applications and considerations including orthopaedic surgery and bone tissue engineering

Bone repair is a fundamental part of the rapidly expanding medical care sector and has benefited from many recent technological developments. With an increasing number of technologies available, it is vital that the correct technique is selected for specific clinical procedures. This unique book will provide a comprehensive review of the materials science, engineering principles and recent advances in this important area.

The first part of the book reviews the fundamentals of bone repair and regeneration. Chapters in the second part discuss the science and properties of biomaterials used for bone repair such as metals, ceramics, polymers and composites. The final section of the book discusses clinical applications and considerations with chapters on such topics as orthopaedic surgery, tissue engineering, implant retrieval and ethics of bone repair biomaterials.

With its distinguished editors and team of international contributors, Bone repair biomaterials is an invaluable reference for researchers and clinicians within the biomedical industry and academia.

About the editors

Professor Josep A. Planell and Professor Damien Lacroix are highly regarded for their biomedical research at Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Spain. Dr. Serena Best is Reader in Ceramics and Medical Materials at the University of Cambridge, UK. Dr. Antonio Merolli is Orthopaedic Surgeon at the Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy and has worked extensively on in-vivo testing of biomaterials for bone repair.

Contents

PART 1 INTRODUCTION

Challenges of bone repair
J A Planell and M Navarro, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Spain
- Introduction
- Social impact of musculoskeletal disease
- Economic burden of musculoskeletal disease
- Social aspects of dental and maxillofacial conditions
- Some clinical challenges of bone repair
- Conclusions and future trends
- Sources of further information and advice
- References

Bone anatomy, physiology and adaptation to mechanical loading
R K Fuchs and S J Warden, Indiana University and C H Turner, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, USA
- Introduction
- Macroscopic bone anatomy
- Microscopic bone anatomy
- Bone physiology
- Bone adaptation to mechanical loading
- Conclusions
- References

Bone repair and regeneration
N Baldini, E Cenni, G Ciapetti, D Granchi and L Savarino, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Italy
- Introduction
- Bone healing
- Role of stem cells in bone repair
- Molecular events of bone repair and regeneration
- Role of growth factors in bone repair and regeneration
- References

Biomechanical aspects of bone repair
D Lacroix, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia, Spain
- Bone composition and structure
- Biomechanical properties of bone
- Bone damage and repair
- Conclusions
- References

PART 2 BIOMATERIALS

Properties and characterisation of bone repair materials
A A White and S M Best, University of Cambridge, UK
- Introduction
- Mechanical properties
- Molecular and microstructural properties
- Physiological effects
- Comparing material classes
- Summary
- References

Metals as bone repair materials
J L González-Carrasco, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Metalúrgicas (CENIM-CSIC) and CIBER-BBN, Spain
- Introduction
- Common metallic biomaterials
- Other metallic materials
- Properties
- Trends in the development of metallic biomaterials
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- References

Ceramics as bone repair materials
M Vallet-Regi and A J Salinas, Universidad Complutense and CIBER-BBN, Spain
- Overview of ceramics in biomedical engineering
- Almost bioinert ceramics: first generation bioceramics
- Biodegradable and bioactive ceramics: second generation bioceramics
- Ceramics in bone regeneration: third generation ceramics
- Bioceramics today
- Acknowledgments
- References

Polymers for bone repair
M A Mateos-Timoneda, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia and CIBER-BBN, Spain
- Introduction
- Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)
- Acrylic polymers as bone cement
- Biodegradable polymers
- Conclusions
- References

Composite biomaterials for bone repair
R De Santis, V Guarino and L Ambrosio, IMCB-CNR Institute of Composite and Biomedical Materials, Italy
- Introduction
- Basic concept of composite material
- Composite biomaterials in bone repair
- Non-degradable composites
- Biodegradable composites
- References

Cements as bone repair materials
M P Ginebra, Technical University of Catalonia, Spain
- Definition and advantages of bone cements in orthopaedic surgery
- Calcium phosphate versus acrylic bone cements: historical perspective and present applications
- Acrylic bone cements
- Calcium phosphate bone cements
- References

Bioactive polymer coatings to improve bone repair
G Helary and V Migonney, Institut Galilée, France
- Introduction: concept of biocompatibility of biomaterials for bone repair
- Bioactive materials for bone repair
- Need for bone integration and repair biomaterials
- Available and new materials
- Bioactive polymer approach
- New approach: grafting bioactive polymers onto titanium implants
- Conclusions
- References

Long-term performance and failure of orthopaedic devices
D Taylor, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Introduction
- Long-term failure modes
- Stress analysis, simulations and other design methodologies
- Case study 1: fatigue design in the artificial hip joint
- Case study 2: wear in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene
- Conclusions and future trends
- References

PART 3 CLINICAL APPLICATIONS

Using bone repair materials in orthopaedic surgery
A Merolli, The Catholic University in Rome and P Tranquilli-Leali, University of Sassari, Italy
- Introduction
- Operative techniques
- Materials
- Devices
- Conclusions
- References

Bone tissue engineering
M Santin, University of Brighton, UK
- Introduction
- State-of-the-art of biomaterials for bone tissue engineering
- Cells for bone tissue engineering
- Bioactive molecules for tissue engineering
- Scaffolds for bone repair
- Bioreactors
- Clinical applications
- Conclusions
- References

Retrieval and analysis of orthopaedic implants
A Palmquist, P Thomsen and R Brånemark, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, H Engqvist, Uppsala University and J Lausmaa, SP Technical Research Institute of Sweden, Sweden
- Introduction
- Retrieval
- Tissue preservation
- Analysis
- Examples of results
- Acknowledgements
- References

Ethical issues in bone repair and bone tissue engineering
L Trommelmans, J Selling and K Dierickx, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Belgium
- Introduction: the ethical analysis of bone repair
- Cells in bone tissue engineered products (BTEPs)
- Clinical trials with bone tissue engineered products
- Informed consent in clinical trials
- Follow-up of trial participants
- Access to therapy
- Conclusion
- References