Stress, Neurotransmitters, and Hormones: Neuroendocrine and Genetic Mechanisms

Description

The most relevant and recent stress-related discoveries are presented in this volume, including functional anatomy, molecular genetics, developmental aspects, neural-endocrine-immune interactions, molecular imaging, and clinical aspects of stress-related disorders.
Chapters by distinguished international basic and clinical scientists in the field of stress and neurotransmitters offer new insights into stress, stress-related disorders, and their future stressor-specific treatment.

This volume encompasses a number of themes in several sections: (1) functional neuroanatomy of stress response; (2) brain monoamines and neuropeptides in stress; (3) molecular genetics of neurotransmitter enzymes in stress; (4) molecular genetics of stress hormones; (5) transcriptional regulation of heart function in stress; (6) neuroendocrine regulations in stress and their molecular biological basis; (7) stress hormone receptors; (8) stress, adaptation, and metabolism; and (9) clinical aspects of stress-induced changes in neurotransmitter and hormone systems.

Table of Contens

Preface: Richard Kvetnanský.

Introductory Lecture: Identifying the Stress Transcriptome in the Adrenal Medulla following Acute and Repeated Immobilization: Xiaoping Liu, Lidia Serova, Richard Kvetnanský, and Esther L. Sabban.

Lecture Dedicated to Centennial Birthday of Hans Selye: From Hans Selye’s Discovery of Biological Stress to the Identification of Corticotropin Releasing Factor Signaling Pathways: Implication in Stress-related Functional Bowel Diseases: Yvette Tache and Stefan Brunnhuber.

Irwin J. Kopin Award Lecture: Investigating the Molecular Basis of Major Depressive Disorder Etiology: A Functional Convergent Genetic Approach: Mbemba Jabbi, Jaap Korf, Johan Ormel, Ido P Kema, Johan A. den Boe.

Part I: Functional Neuroanatomy of Stress Response:.

1. Stress-induced Activation of Cells in Blood-Brain-CSF Interfaces of the Hypothalamus: Miklós Palkovits.

2. Limbic Regulation of Hypothalamo-Pituitary-Adrenocortical Function during Acute and Chronic Stress: Ryan Jankord and James P. Herman.

3. Stress-induced changes in tyrosine hydroxylase gene expression in rat hypothalamic paraventricular, periventricular, and dorsomedial nuclei: Alexander Kiss, Boris Mravec, Miklós Palkovits, Richard Kvetnanský.

4.Serotonergic systems, anxiety, and affective disorder: focus on the dorsomedial part of the dorsal raphe nucleus: Christopher A. Lowry, Matthew W. Hale, Andrew K. Evans, Jasper Heerkens, Daniel R. Staub, Paul J. Gasser, and Anantha Shekhar.

5. Degeneration of the LC noradrenergic neurons in the stress-induced depression of rats. By Isao T. Kitayama, Masato Otani, and Sumio Murase.

6. Effects of Estrogen on Stress-Induced Activation of Peptide Neurons in PVN of Ovariectomized Rats: Yasuko Hara, Tomomi Kohno, Akira Takamata, Takashi Ueyama, and Keiko Morimoto.

7. Stress-Induced Intercellular Communication Remodeling in the Rat Adrenal Medulla: Claude Colomer, Chrystel Lafont, and Nathalie C. Guérineau.

8. Crosstalk between the Adrenal Medulla and Adrenal Cortex in Stress: Monika Ehrhart-Bornstein and Stefan R. Bornstein.

Part II: Brain Monoamines and Neuropeptides in Stress:.

9. Effects of Acute and Chronic Stressors and CRF in Rat and Mouse Tests for Depression: Adrian J. Dunn and Artur H. Swiergiel.

10. Stress Due to Peripheral Lipopolysaccharide Affects the Olfactory Dopamine System in Mice: Akira Ota, Keiji Mori, Yoko S. Kaneko, Akira Nakashima, Ikuko Nagatsu, and Toshiharu Nagatsu.

11. Central Neuropeptide Y (NPY) in Anxiety- and Stress-Related Behavior, and in Ethanol Intake: Annika Thorsell.

12. Activity of Brainstem Groups of Catecholaminergic Cells in Tumor Bearing Rats: Response to Immobilization Stress: Zdeno Pirnik, Jana Bundzikova, Jozef Bizik, Ivan Hulin, Alexander Kiss, and Boris Mravec.

13. Serotonergic Changes Produced by Repeated Exposure to Forced Swimming: Correlation with Behavior: Galina T. Shishkina, Tatyana S. Kalinina, and Nikolay N. Dygalo.

14. Activity of Oxytocinergic Neurons in the Supraoptic Nucleus Under Stimulation of ?2–Adrenoceptors in Brattleboro Rats: Jana Bundzikova, Zdeno Pirnik, Jens D. Mikkelsen, Dora Zelena, Alexander Kiss.

15. Changes in C-FOS and NOS Expression in the PVH of Lactating Rats in Response to Excitotoxicity and Stress: Nela Monasterio, Eugenia Ramos, and Teresa Morales.

Part III: Neuroendocrine Regulations in Stress and Adaptation:.

16. Exposure to Severe Stressors Causes Long-Lasting Dysregulation of Resting and Stress-Induced Activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis: Xavier Belda, David Rotllant, Silvia Fuentes, Raúl Delgado, Roser Nadal, and Antonio Armario.

17. Chronic Stress and Individual Vulnerability: Mathias V. Schmidt, Vera Sterlemann, and Marianne B. Müller.

18. Chronic Subordinate Colony Housing Enhances State Anxiety and Reduces Hypothalamic Arginine Vasopressin, But Not Oxytocin, Synthesis: Stefan O. Reber and Inga D. Neumann.

19. Response of Plasma Catecholamines in Rats Simultaneously Exposed to Immobilization and Painful Stimuli: Boris Mravec, Andrej Tillinger, Ibolya Bodnar, Gyorgy M. Nagy, Miklós Palkovits, and Richard Kvetnanský.

20. Hypergravity-Induced Increase in Plasma Catecholamine and Corticosterone Levels in Telemetrically Collected Blood of Rats During Centrifugation: Juraj Petrak, Boris Mravec, Marian Jurani, Magda Baranovska, Andrej Tillinger, Ivan Hapala, Ivan Frollo, and Richard Kvetnanský.

21. Contribution of Glucocorticoids to Protective Influence of Preconditioning Mild Stress Against Stress-Induced Gastric Erosions: Ludmila P. Filaretova, T.R. Bagaeva, K. Amagase , and K. Takeuchi.

22. Estrogen Replacement Suppresses Pressor Response and Oxidative Stress Induced by Cage-Switch Stress in Ovariectomized Rats: Keiko Morimoto, Masami Uji, Takashi Ueyama, Hiroko Kimura, Tomomi Kohno, Akira Takamata, Shigenobu Yano, and Ken-Ichi Yoshida.

23. Psychosocial Stress and Volatile Compounds in Preputial Glands of Rats: Larissa A. Pohorecky, Weidong Ma, Gregory G. Blakley, and Milos V. Novotny.

Part IV: New Insights into Sympathetic Neurons:.

24. Computer Models of Stress, Allostasis, and Acute and Chronic Diseases: David S. Goldstein.

25. Cold or Aggressor Stress, Combined With a Hypercaloric Diet Shifts Sympathetic Signaling Towards Neuropeptide Y and Leads to Obesity and the Metabolic Syndrome: Lydia E. Kuo, Magdalena Czarnecka, Joanna B. Kitlinska, Jason U. Tilan, Richard Kvetnanský, and Zofia Zukowska.

Part V: Molecular Genetics of Neurotransmitter Enzymes in Stress:.

26. Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Tyrosine Hydroxylase Expression in Adrenal Medulla and Brain: A. William Tank, Lu Xu, Xiqun Chen, Pheona Radcliffe, and Carol R. Sterling.

27. Adrenergic Responses to Stress: Transcriptional and Post-Transcriptional Changes: Dona L. Wong, T.C. Tai, David C. Wong-Faull, Robert Claycomb, and Richard Kvetnanský.

28. Regulation of Gene Expression of Catecholamine Biosynthetic Enzymes in Dopamine-?-Hydroxylase- and CRH-Knockout Mice Exposed to Stress: Richard Kvetnanský, Olga Krizanova, Andrej Tillinger, Esther L. Sabban, Steven A. Thomas, and Lucia Kubovcakova.

29. Stress-Induced Alternative Splicing Modulations in Brain and Periphery: Acetylcholinesterase as a Case Study: Iftach Shaked, Gabriel Zimmerman, and Hermona Soreq.

30. Adrenergic polymorphism and the human stress response. By Fangwen Rao, Lian Zhang, Jennifer Wessel, Kuixing Zhang, Gen Wen, Brian P. Kennedy, Brinda K. Rana, Madhusudan Das, Juan L. Rodriguez-Flores, Douglas W. Smith, Peter E. Cadman, Rany M. Salem, Sushil K. Mahata, Nicholas J. Schork, Laurent Taupenot, Michael G. Ziegler, and Daniel T. O’Connor.

31. Impaired chronotropic response to exercise in mice lacking catecholamines in adrenergic cells: Xuping Bao, Fujun Liu, Yusu Gu, Ping Sun, Chuanyi M. Lu, and Michael G. Ziegler.

32. Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase gene expression in the heart and blood pressure response to oxytocin treatment in rats exposed to voluntary wheel running: Jan Bakos, Peter Bobryshev, Andrej Tillinger, Richard Kvetnanský, and Daniela Jezova.

33. Endocrine rhythms and expression of selected genes in the brain, stellate ganglia and adrenals of hypertensive TGR rats: Michal Zeman, Juraj Petrák, Katarína Stebelová, György Nagy, Olga Krizanova, Iveta Herichová, and Richard Kvetnanský.

Part VI: Transcriptional Regulation of Heart Function in Stress:.

34. Catecholamine synthesizing cells in the embryonic heart: Steven N. Ebert, Qi Rong, Steve Boe, and Karl Pfeifer.

35. Epinephrine regulation of hemodynamics in catecholamine knockouts and the pithed mouse: Ping Sun, Xuping Bao, Hamzeh Elayan, Milos S. Milic, Fujun Liu, and Michael G. Ziegler.

36. Type 1 and 2 IP3 receptors respond differently to catecholamines and stress: Olga Krizanova, Tereza Holotnakova, Dana Jurkovicova, Eva Polakova, Alexandra Zahradnikova, Lubica Lacinova, Richard Kvetnanský, Jaromir Myslivecek, and Silvia Pastorekova.

37. Human sympathetic nerve biology: Parallel influences of stress and epigenetics in essential hypertension and panic disorder: Murray Esler, Nina Eikelis, Markus Schlaich, Gavin Lambert, Marlies Alvarenga, David Kaye, Assam El Osta, Ling Guo, David Barton, Ciaran Pier, Celia Brenchley, Tye Dawood, Garry Jennings, and Elisabeth Lambert.

Part VII: Stress Hormone Receptors:.

38. Vasopressin does not mediate hypersensitivity of the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis during chronic stress: Jun Chen, Sharla Younga Sivan Subburaju, Jack Sheppard, Alexander Kiss, Helen Atkinson, Susan Wood, Stafford LightmancClaudine Serradeil-Le Gal, and Greti Aguilera.

39. Peripherally administered angiotensin II AT1 receptor antagonists are anti-stress compounds in vivo: Jaroslav Pavel, Julius Benicky, Ignacio Larrayoz-Roldan, Yuki Murakami, Enrique Sanchez-Lemus, Jin Zhou, and Juan M. Saavedra.

40. Regulation of adrenoceptors and muscarinic receptors gene expression after single and repeated stress: Jaromír Myslivecek, Andrej Tillinger, Martina Nováková, and Richard Kvetnanský.

41. Adrenoceptors and adaptive mechanisms in the heart during stress: Regina C. Spadari-Bratfisch and Iraides Nunes dos Santos.

42. GABA regulates the rat hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis via different GABA-A receptor ?–subtypes: Jens D. Mikkelsen, Jana Bundzikova, Marianne H. Larsen, Henrik H. Hansen, and Alexander Kiss.

43. Gene expression of adrenoceptors in the heart of cold acclimated rats exposed to a novel stressor: Andrej Tillinger, Jaromír Myslivecek , Martina Nováková, Olga Krizanova, and Richard Kvetnanský.

44. Heart adrenoceptors gene expression and binding sites in human failing heart: Viliam Fischer, Ivan Gabauer, Andrej Tillinger, Martina Nováková, Ivan Pechán, Olga Krizanova, Richard Kvetnanský, and Jaromír Myslivecek.

45. Neonatal programming of rat behavior by down-regulation of alpha2A-adrenoreceptor gene expression in the brain: Nikolay N. Dygalo, Tatyana S. Kalinina, and Galina T. Shishkina.

46. Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor subtypes in the rat anterior pituitary after two types of restraint stress: Vera Klenerova, Omar Sery, and Sixtus Hynie.

47. Hypoxia Differently Modulates Gene Expression of Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors in Mouse Kidney and HEK293 Cell Line: Dana Jurkovicova, Barbora Sedlakova, Lubica Lacinova, Juraj Kopacek, Zdena Sulova, Jan Sedlak, and Olga Krizanova.

Part VIII: Stress and Development:.

48. Reduced hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis stress responses in late pregnancy: central opioid inhibition and noradrenergic mechanisms: John A. Russell, Alison J. Douglas, and Paula J. Brunton.

49. Gender specific regulation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis and the role of vasopressin during the neonatal period: Gábor B. Makara, Ágnes Domokos, Zsuzsa Mergl, Katalin Csabai, István Barna, and Dóra Zelena.

50. Sex-specific prenatal programming: a risk for fibromyalgia?: P.O. Klingmann, I.Kugler, T.S. Steffke, S. Bellingrath, B.M. Kudielka, and D.H. Hellhammer.

51. Response of the adrenomedullary system to early postnatal stress in the Brattleboro rat: Dóra Zelena, István Barna, Katalin Csabai, Gabriella F. Orlando, Gábor B. Makara, and Mario Engelmann.

Part IX. Clinical Aspects of Stress-Induced Changes in Neurotransmitter and Hormone Systems:.

52. Pheochromocytoma: an endocrine stress mimicking disorder: Vitaly Kantorovich, Graeme Eisenhofer, and Karel Pacak.

53. Unexplained symptomatic paroxysmal hypertension in pseudopheochromocytoma: A stress response disorder?: Graeme Eisenhofer, Yehonatan Sharabi, and Karel Pacak.

54. Catecholamines and estrogen are involved in the pathogenesis of emotional stress-induced acute heart attack: Takashi Ueyama, Ken Kasamatsu, Takuzo Hano, Yoshihiro Tsuruo, and Fuminobu Ishikura.

55. Attenuated preejection period response to tyramine in patients with cardiac sympathetic denervation: Richard Imrich, Basil A. Eldadah, Oladi Bentho, Sandra Pechnik, Yehonatan Sharabi, Courtney Holmes, and David S. Goldstein.

56. The role of norepinephrine and insulin resistance in early stage of hypertension: Adela Penesova, Zofia Radikova, Eva Cizmarova, Richard Kvetnanský, Pavel Blazicek, Miroslav Vlcek, Juraj Koska, and Milan Vigas.

57. Endocrine factors in stress and psychiatric disorders: focus on anxiety and salivary steroids: Daniela Jezova and Natasa Hlavacova.

58. Salivary cortisol levels in Brazilian citizens of distinct socioeconomic and cultural levels: Márcia C. Garcia, Aglecio de Souza, Geruza P. Bella, Dora M. Grassi-Kassisse, Artur P. Tacla, and Regina C. Spadari-Bratfisch.

59. Corticosterone regulates perk1/2 map kinase in a chronic depression model: Shannon L. Gourley, Florence J. Wu, and Jane R. Taylor.

60. Fast action of neuroactive steroids on plasma membrane calcium pump in PC12 cells: Ludmila Zylinska, Iwona Kowalska, and Anna Kozaczuk.

61. Neuroendocrine activation during combined mental and physical stress in women depends on trait anxiety and the phase of the menstrual cycle: Natasa Hlavacova, Martin Wawruch, Jana Tisonova, and Daniela Jezova.

62. Drive for leanness, anorexia nervosa and overactivity: the missing link: C.P. Arun.

63. Rotenone damages striatal organtypic slice culture: Rudolf Moldzio, Christina Piskernik, Khaled Radad, and Wolf-Dieter Rausch.

64. Differential effects of the new glucocorticoid receptor antagonists ORG 34517 and RU486 (mifepristone) on glucocorticoid receptor nuclear translocation in the AtT20 cell line: B.W.M.M. Peeters, G.S.F. Ruigt, M. Craighead, and P. Kitchener.

65. Ethanol and stress activate catecholamine synthesis in the adrenal: effects on bone: Patricia Patterson-Buckendahl, Larissa A. Pohorecky, Lucia Kubovcakova, Olga Krizanova, R. Bruce Martin, Daniel A. Martinez, and Richard Kvetnanský.

66. Adrenomedullary response to hypoglycemia in first-degree relatives of patients with rheumatoid arthritis: J. Rovensky, R. Imrich, A. Penesova, Z. Radikova, A. Scipova, M. Vlcek, and M. Vigas.

67. Sympathetic nervous system response to orthostatic stress in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Miroslav Vlcek, Jozef Rovensky, Pavel Blazicek, Zofia Radikova, Adela Penesova, Jana Kerlik, Richard Kvetnanský, and Richard Imrich.

68. Adrenocortical response to low-dose ACTH test in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis: Zofia Radikova, Jozef Rovensky, Miroslav Vlcek, Adela Penesova, Jana Kerlik, Milan Vigas, and Richard Imrich.

Index of Contributors.