Uropathology. High-Yield Pathology

Key Features

• Find information quickly and easily with a templated, easy-to-reference format and concise, bulleted text.
• Confirm your diagnoses with high-quality color photographs that demonstrate the classic appearance of each disease.
• Depend on authoritative information from leading experts in the field.
• Access the full text online, perform quick searches, and download images at www.expertconsult.com.

Author Information

Ming Zhou, MD, PhD, Staff Pathologist, Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH;
George Netto, MD, Division of Surgical Pathology, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
Jonathan I Epstein, Professor of Pathology, Urology, Oncology

Table of Contents

Section A. Non-Neoplastic Disease of the Prostate

• Anatomy and histology of the prostate
• Seminal vesicle/ejaculatory duct
• Cowper gland
• Benign prostatic hyperplasia
• Acute inflammation of the prostate
• Chronic inflammation of the prostate
• Nonspecific granulomatous prostatitis
• Post-biopsy granuloma
• Prostatic xanthoma
• Granulomatous inflammation of infectious etiology
• Simple atrophy
• Cystic atrophy
• Post-atrophy hyperplasia
• Partial atrophy
• Adenosis
• Sclerosing adenosis
• Clear cell cribriform hyperplasia
• Hyperplasia of mesonephric remnants
• Basal cell hyperplasia
• Urothelial metaplasia
• Squamous metaplasia
• Mucin cell metaplasia
• Neuroendocrine cells involving the prostate
• Verumontanum mucosal gland hyperplasia
• Prostatic infarct

Section B. Neoplastic Disease of the Prostate

• Prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia
• Intraductal carcinoma of the prostate
• Prostatic carcinoma, usual variant
• Prostatic carcinoma, atrophic variant
• Prostatic carcinoma, foamy gland variant
• Prostatic carcinoma, pseudohyperplastic variant
• Prostatic carcinoma, mucinous variant
• Prostatic ductal adenocarcinoma, PIN-like
• Sarcomatoid carcinoma
• Pleomorphic giant cell carcinoma of the prostate
• Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the prostate
• Prostate carcinoma with squamous differentiation
• Ductal adenocarcinoma
• Small cell carcinoma
• Basal cell adenoma
• Basal cell carcinoma
• Urothelial carcinoma
• Prostatic stromal tumor of uncertain malignant potential
• Prostatic stromal sarcoma
• Atypical glands suspicious for carcinoma
• High grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia with adjacent atypical glands
• Radiation-induced changes
• Hormonal ablation induced changes
• Cryoablation therapy induced changes
• Immunohistochemical work-up of prostate carcinoma
• Gleason grading of prostate carcinoma
• Prostate cancer staging in radical prostatectomy
• Work-up of "vanishing" cancer in radical prostatectomy
• Nonprostatic adenocarcinoma involving the prostate

Section C. Seminal Vesicle

• Anatomy and histology of seminal vesicles
• Amyloidosis

Section D. Non-Neoplastic Disease of the Urinary Bladder

• Anatomy and histology of the urinary bladder
• von Brunn nests
• Cystitis cystica et glandularis
• Squamous metaplasia
• Intestinal metaplasia
• Nephrogenic metaplasia/adenoma
• Polypoid and papillary cystitis
• Follicular cystitis
• Giant cell cystitis
• Interstitial cystitis/Painful bladder syndrome
• Eosinophilic cystitis
• Infectious cystitis
• Malakoplakia
• Granulomatous cystitis after Bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy
• Radiation cystitis
• Chemotherapy-induced cystitis
• Endometriosis of the bladder
• Bladder endocervicosis
• Bladder exstrophy
• Urachal anomaly
• Bladder diverticulum
• Ectopic prostate tissue

Section E. Neoplastic Disease of the Urinary Bladder

• Papillary urothelial hyperplasia
• Reactive urothelial atypia
• Urothelial atypia of unknown significance
• Urothelial dysplasia
• Urothelial carcinoma in situ
• Urothelial papilloma
• Inverted papilloma
• Papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential
• Low grade papillary urothelial carcinoma
• High grade papillary urothelial carcinoma
• Invasive urothelial carcinoma
• Urothelial carcinoma with inverted growth pattern
• Urothelial carcinoma with squamous differentiation
• Urothelial carcinoma with villoglandular differentiation
• Urothelial carcinoma, micropapillary variant
• Urothelial carcinoma, microcystic variant
• Urothelial carcinoma, lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma variant
• Urothelial carcinoma, clear cell (glycogen-rich) variant
• Urothelial carcinoma, lipoid-cell variant
• Urothelial carcinoma with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells
• Urothelial carcinoma with rhabdoid differentiation
• Urothelial carcinoma similar to giant cell tumor of bone
• Small cell carcinoma
• Large cell undifferentiated carcinoma
• Urothelial carcinoma with unusual stromal reactions
• Urothelial carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation
• Villous adenoma
• Adenocarcinoma
• Clear cell adenocarcinoma
• Urachal adenocarcinoma
• Squamous cell carcinoma
• Paraganglioma
• Staging of urothelial carcinoma
• Secondary spread of prostate carcinoma to the bladder
• Secondary adenocarcinoma involving bladder, other than prostatic carcinoma

Section F. Non-neoplastic Disease of the Kidney

• Anatomy of the kidney
• Renal dysplasia
• Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD)
• Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)
• Medullary spongy kidney
• Acquired cystic kidney disease
• Simple cortical cyst
• Acute pyelonephritis
• Chronic nonobstructive pyelonephritis
• Chronic obstructive pyelonephritis
• Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis
• Renal papillary necrosis
• Benign nephrosclerosis
• Malignant nephrosclerosis
• Acute tubular necrosis
• Acute interstitial nephritis
• Infectious interstitial nephritis

Section G. Neoplastic Disease of the Kidney

• Papillary adenoma
• Oncocytoma
• Clear cell renal cell carcinoma
• Multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma
• Papillary renal cell carcinoma
• Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma
• Collecting duct carcinoma
• Renal medullary carcinoma
• Renal cell carcinoma associated with neuroblastoma
• Renal cell carcinoma associated with Xp11.2 translocation/TFE3 gene fusions
• Mucinous tubular and spindle cell carcinoma
• Renal cell carcinoma, unclassified type
• Tubulocystic carcinoma
• Renal cell carcinoma associated with acquired cystic renal diseases
• Renal cell carcinoma with sarcomatoid differentiation
• Thyroid follicular carcinoma-like renal cell carcinoma
• Clear cell tubulopapillary renal cell carcinoma
• Renal cell carcinoma with Leiomyomatous stroma
• Metanephric adenoma
• Metanephric stromal tumor
• Wilms' tumor
• Nephrogenic rests and nephroblastomatosis
• Congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN)
• Rhabdoid tumor of the kidney
• Clear cell sarcoma of the kidney
• Ossifying renal tumor of infancy
• Angiomyolipoma
• Epithelioid angiomyolipoma
• Juxtaglomerular cell tumor
• Renal medullary fibroma (renomedullary interstitial cell tumor)
• Cystic nephroma/Mixed epithelial and stromal tumor of the kidney
• Primary renal synovial sarcoma (PRSS)
• Renal carcinoid tumor
• Fuhrman grading system for renal cell carcinoma
• Staging of renal cell carcinoma
• Renal cell carcinoma in Von Hippel-Lindau sydrome
• Renal cell neoplasms in Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome
• Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma syndrome
• Renal tumors in tuberous sclerosis

Section H. Renal Pelvis and Ureter

• Proliferative ureteritis, including florid von Brunn's nests and ureteropyelitis cystica et glandularis
• Ureteropelvic junction obstruction
• Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis
• Fibroepithelial polyp of the ureter and renal pelvis
• Ureteral urothelial carcinoma and staging
• Staging for pelvic urothelial carcinoma

Section I. Non-Neoplastic Disease of the Testis

• Anatomy and histology
• Cryptorchidism
• Testiculosplenic fusion
• Adrenal cortical rests
• Spermatic cord torsion and testicular infarction
• Testicular microlithiasis
• Vasculitis
• Male infertility work-up
• Maturation arrest
• Hypospermatogenesis
• Germ cell aplasia, Sertoli cell only syndrome
• Excurrent duct obstruction
• Prepubertal gonadotropin deficiency
• Postpubertal gonadotropin deficiency
• Viral orchitis
• Granulomatous orchidoepididymitis
• Nonspecific granulomatous orchitis
• Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
• Androgen insensitivity syndrome
• Klinefelter Syndrome
• Testicular tumor of the adrenogenital syndrome
• Embryonic testicular regression
• Gonadal dysgenesis

Section J. Neoplastic Disease of the Testis

• Testicular intratubular germ cell neoplasia, unclassified type
• Seminoma
• Spermatocytic seminoma
• Embryonal carcinoma
• Yolk sac tumor
• Teratoma
• Mixed germ cell tumor
• Teratoma with somatic-type malignancies
• Testicular carcinoid tumor
• Dermoid cyst
• Epidermoid cyst
• Choriocarcinoma
• Leydig cell tumor
• Sertoli cell tumor
• Sclerosing Sertoli cell tumor
• Large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor
• Granulosa cell tumor
• Juvenile granulosa cell tumor
• Fibrothecoma
• Stromal tumor of the testis, unclassified type
• Gonadoblastoma
• Testicular lymphoma
• Ovarian epithelial-like testicular tumors
• Tumors of the rete testis
• Testicular cancer staging

Section K. Spermatic Cord and Testicular Adnexa

• Appendix testis
• Appendix epididymis
• Glandular inclusions in inguinal herniorrhaphy specimens
• Hydrocele
• Spermatocele
• Vasitis nodosa
• Sperm granuloma
• Adenomatoid tumor
• Fibrous pseudotumor
• Paratesticular idiopathic smooth muscle hyperplasia
• Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis
• Paratesticular lipoma
• Paratesticular liposarcoma
• Paratesticular rhabdomyosarcoma
• Leiomyoma of the spermatic cord and testicular adnexa
• Paratesticular leiomyosarcoma
• Aggressive angiomyxoma of the male genital region
• Cellular angiofibroma
• Malignant mesothelioma, paratesticular
• Ovarian-type epithelial carcinoma
• Epithelial tumors of the rete testis

Section L. Disease of the Penis, Urethra, and Scrotum

• Fibroepithelial polyp of the urethra
• Urethral caruncle
• Urethral diverticulum
• Urethral stricture
• Polypoid urethritis
• Condyloma acuminatum
• Prostatic-type urethral polyp
• Urethral urothelial carcinoma associated with bladder urothelial carcinoma
• Primary urethral carcinoma
• Urethral adenocarcinoma
• Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the urethra
• Zoon's balanitis
• Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus (balanitis xerotica obliterans)
• Pseudoepitheliomatous keratotic micaceous balanitis
• Peyronie's disease
• Squamous hyperplasia of the penis
• Penile intraepithelial neoplasia, including Bowen disease, erythroplasia of Queyrat, and Bowenoid papulosis
• Squamous cell carcinoma of the penis, usual type
• Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma
• Penile warty (condylomatous) carcinoma
• Squamous cell carcinoma, verrucous
• Squamous cell carcinoma, papillary
• Squamous cell carcinoma, pseudohyperplastic non-verruciform
• Sarcomatoid (spindle cell) squamous cell carcinoma of the penis
• Adenosquamous cell carcinoma
• Mixed carcinomas of the penis
• Penile basal cell carcinoma
• Extramammary Paget disease of the penis and scrotum
• Merkel cell carcinoma of the genitourinary tract
• Sclerosing lipogranuloma
• Scrotal calcinosis
• Genital melanosis and lentiginosis
• Primary melanoma of the genitourinary system
• Staging for penile squamous cell carcinoma
• Staging for urethral carcinoma

Section M. Soft Tissue Tumors

• Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of the bladder
• Leiomyoma of the bladder
• Leiomyosarcoma of the bladder
• Solitary fibrous tumor
• Gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the genitourinary tract
• Lymphomas of the genitourinary organs