A Companion to Bioethics

This second edition of A Companion to Bioethics, fully revised and updated to reflect the current issues and developments in the field, covers all the material that the reader needs to thoroughly grasp the ideas and debates involved in bioethics.

• Thematically organized around an unparalleled range of issues, including discussion of the moral status of embryos and fetuses, new genetics, life and death, resource allocation, organ donations, AIDS, human and animal experimentation, health care, and teaching
• Now includes new essays on currently controversial topics such as cloning and genetic enhancement
• Topics are clearly and compellingly presented by internationally renowned bioethicists
• A detailed index allows the reader to find terms and topics not listed in the titles of the essays themselves

Contents

List of Contributors

Acknowledgments

Part I: Introduction

• 1. What Is Bioethics? A Historical Introduction: Helga Kuhse (Monash University) and Peter Singer (Princeton University / University of Melbourne)

Part II: Questions About Bioethics

• 2. Ethical Theory and Bioethics: James Rachels (Deceased)
• 3. Culture and Bioethics: Segun Gbadegesin (Howard University, Washington, DC)
• 4. Gender and Bioethics: Jan Crosthwaite (University of Auckland, New Zealand)
• 5. Religion and Bioethics: Eric Gregory (Princeton University)
• 6. Law and Bioethics: Wibren van der Burg (Erasmus University, Rotterdam)

Part III: Ethical Approaches

• 7. A Principle-based Approach: James F. Childress (University of Virginia)
• 8. Exceptionless Rule Approaches: Joseph Boyle (University of Toronto)
• 9. A Utilitarian Approach: R. M. Hare (Deceased)
• 10. A Virtue Ethics Approach: Justin Oakley (Monash University, Australia)
• 11. A Care Approach: Rita C. Manning (San José State University, California)
• 12. A Case Approach: John D. Arras (University of Virginia)

Part IV: Before Birth: Issues Involving Embryos and Fetuses

• 13. Personhood: Michael Tooley (University of Colorado at Boulder)
• 14. Abortion: Mary Anne Warren (San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California)
• 15. Mother–Fetus Conflict: Bonnie Steinbock (State University of New York)

Part V: Issues In Reproduction

• 16. Population: Margaret Pabst Battin (University of Utah)
• 17. Assisted Reproduction, Prenatal Testing, and Sex Selection: Laura M. Purdy (Wells College, Aurora, New York)
• 18. Cloning: Gregory Pence (University of Alabama at Birmingham)

Part VI: The New Genetics

• 19. Gene Therapy: Ruth Chadwick (Cardiff University, Wales)
• 20. Genetic Enhancement: Julian Savulescu (University of Oxford)
• 21. Creating and Patenting New Life Forms: Nils Holtug (University of Copenhagen)
• 22. Genetic Counseling, Testing, and Screening: Angus Clarke (Cardiff University, Wales)

Part VII: Life And Death Issues

• 23. Medical Decisions at the End of Life: Dan W. Brock (Harvard Medical School, Boston)
• 24. Severely Disabled Newborns: Eike-Henner W. Kluge (University of Victoria, Canada)
• 25. Death, Brain Death, and Persistent Vegetative State: Jeff McMahan (Rutgers University, New Brunswick)
• 26. Advance Directives: Alexander Morgan Capron (University of Southern California, Los Angeles)
• 27. Voluntary Euthanasia, Suicide, and Physician-assisted Suicide: Brian Stoffell (Flinders University, South Australia)
• 28. The Slippery Slope Argument: Govert den Hartogh (University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands)

Part VIII: Resource Allocation

• 29. Deciding Between Patients: John Harris (University of Manchester)
• 30. Society's Allocation of Resources for Health: Daniel Wikler (Harvard University, Boston) and Sarah Marchand (St Paul, Minnesota)
• 31. Is There a Right to Health Care and, If So, What Does It Encompass?: Norman Daniels (Harvard University, Boston)

Part IX: Organ Donations

• 32. A World of Transferable Parts: Janet Radcliffe Richards (University of Oxford)

Part X: Global Health-care Issues

• 33. Global Health Responsibilities: Christopher Lowry (The Chinese University of Hong Kong) and Udo Schüklenk (Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario)
• 34. Developing World Challenges: Udo Schüklenk (Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario), Michael Kottow (University of Chile, Santiago), and Peter A. Sy (University of the Philippines, Quezon City)
• 35. Global Pharmaceutical Markets: Kevin Outterson (Boston University) and Donald W. Light (University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey)
• 36. Infectious Disease: Michael J. Selgelid (The Australian National University, Canberra)
• 37. AIDS as a Global Health Emergency: Udo Schüklenk (Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario)

Part XI: Experimentation With Humans and Animals

• 38. Research Involving Human Beings: Florencia Luna (University of Buenos Aires) and Ruth Macklin (Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York)
• 39. Regulating Experimentation in Research and Medical Practice: Paul Ulhas Macneill (University of Sydney)
• 40. Research Using Preimplantation Human Embryos: Mary Warnock (Axford, Wiltshire, UK) and Peter Braude (King's College London)
• 41. The Moral Status of Animals and Their Use As Experimental Subjects: Bernard E. Rollin (Colorado State University)

Part XII: Ethical Issues in the Practice of Health Care

• 42. Confidentiality: Raanan Gillon (Imperial College London) and Daniel K. Sokol (Imperial College London)
• 43. Truth-telling: Roger Higgs (King’s College School of Medicine and Dentistry, London)
• 44. Informed Consent and Patient Autonomy: Robert Young (La Trobe University, Melbourne)
• 45. Patients Doubtfully Capable or Incapable of Consent: Carl Elliott (University of Minnesota, Minneapolis)
• 46. Ethics in Nursing Practice: Janet L. Storch (University of Victoria, Canada)
• 47. Global Trends in Nursing Ethics: Verena Tschudin (University of Surrey)

Part XIII: The Teaching and Practice of Bioethics

• 48. Ethics Committees and Ethics Consultants: Jonathan D. Moreno (University of Pennsylvania)
• 49. Teaching Ethics in the Health Professions: Lynn Gillam (University of Melbourne)

Index