Retinal and Choroidal Angiogenesis

About this book

Retinal and choroidal angiogenesis are the leading causes of irreversible vision loss in developed countries. For this reason, ocular angiogenesis is an intensely studied process, and the field is advancing at an astounding pace. It has become increasingly difficult to manage the vast amount of information generated by the growing group of interested investigators, thus a resource is needed that distills and summarizes our progress to date.

This book provides a comprehensive, in-depth review of our current understanding of the growth of blood vessels within the eye. Renowned academic scientists, pharmaceutical scientists, and clinician-scientists have contributed chapters identifying the cellular and molecular mechanisms of retinal and choroidal angiogenesis; defining animal models of these pathologic processes; or describing the application of current tools, techniques, and theories to disease pathogenesis in humans suffering from conditions characterized by ocular angiogenesis. Additionally, novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of ocular angiogenesis are discussed, as are the unique challenges presented by delivery of drugs to the eye.

Written for:

Ophthalmologists interested in clinical applications, basic scientists interested in the cellular and molecular mechanisms of angiogenesis, both in the context of ocular and non-ocular conditions, academic scientists, pharmaceutical scientists, and clinician-scientists

Keywords:

• Angiogenesis
• Choroidal
• Penn
• Retinal

Table of contents

I. Angiogenesis Study Models

1. Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Retinal Angiogenesis by M. A. Behzadian, M. Bartoli, A. B. El-Remessy, M. Al-Shabrawey, D. H. Platt, G. I. Liou, R. W. Caldwell, and R. B. Caldwell
2. Animal Models of Choroidal Neovascularization by M. L. Clark, J. A. Fowler, and J. S. Penn
3. Rodent Models of Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy by S. E. Yanni, G. W. McCollum, and J. S. Penn
4. Animal Models of Diabetic Retinopathy by T. S. Kern
5. Neovascularization in Models of Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion by R. P. Danis and D. P. Bingaman

II. Molecular Characterization

6. Vasculogenesis and Angiogenesis in Formation of the Human Retinal Vasculature by T. Chan-Ling
7. IGF-1 and Retinopathy by L. E. H. Smith
8. Hypoxia and Retinal Neovascularization by B. A. Berkowitz
9. Hypoxia Inducible Factor-1 and VEGF Induction by A. Madan
10. The Role of Protein Kinase C in Diabetic Retinal Vascular Abnormalities by J. K. Sun and G. L. King
11. Eph Receptor Tyrosine Kinases: Modulators of Angiogenesis by J. Chen, D. Brantley-Siders, and J. S. Penn
12. Adenosine in Retinal Vasculogenesis and Angiogenesis in Oxygen-Induced Retinopathy by G. A. Lutty and D. S. McLeod
13. The Regulation of Retinal Angiogenesis by Cyclooxygenase and the Prostanoids by G. W. McCollum and J. S. Penn
14. Extracellular Proteinases in Ocular Angiogenesis by A. Das and P. G. McGuire
15. Oxygen-Independent Angiogenic Stimuli by J. M. Holmes, D. A. Leske, and W. L. Lanier
16. Growth Factor Synergy in Angiogenesis by A. Ljubimov
17. Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor and Angiogenesis by J. Amaral and S. P. Becerra
18. Circulating Endothelial Progenitor Cells and Adult Vasculogenesis by S. Caballero, N. Sengupta, L. C. Shaw, and M. B. Grant

III. Applications to Clinical Conditions

19. Retinopathy of Prematurity by D. L. Phelps
20. Angiogenesis in Sickle Cell Retinopathy by G. A. Lutty and D. S. McLeod
21. Diabetic Retinopathy by R. N. Frank
22. Systems for Drug Delivery to the Posterior Segment of the Eye by A. L. Weiner and D. A. Marsh
23. Novel Therapeutic Strategies for Posterior Segment Neovascularization by D. P. Bingaman, X. Gu, A. M. Timmers, and A. Davis
24. Choroidal Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration--From Mice to Man by L. Berglin