A Textbook of Neuroanatomy

Description

Newly revised and updated, A Textbook of Neuroanatomy, Second Edition is a concise text designed to help students easily master the anatomy and basic physiology of the nervous system. Accessible and clear, the book highlights interrelationships between systems, structures, and the rest of the body as the chapters move through the various regions of the brain.

Building on the solid foundation of the first edition, A Textbook of Neuroanatomy now includes two new chapters on the brainstem and reflexes, as well as dozens of new micrographs illustrating key structures. Throughout the book the clinical relevance of the material is emphasized through clinical cases, questions, and follow-up discussions in each chapter, motivating students to learn the information. A companion website is also available, featuring study aids and artwork from the book as PowerPoint slides.

A Textbook of Neuroanatomy, Second Edition is an invaluable resource for students of general, clinical and behavioral neuroscience and neuroanatomy.

Contents

PART I General Principles of the Nervous System

1. Introduction to the Nervous System
CELLS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

2. Development of the Nervous System
CLINICAL CASE
EARLY DEVELOPMENT
NEURULATION
EARLY DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPINAL CORD AND BRAIN
DEVELOPMENT OF THE SPINAL CORD
DEVELOPMENT OF THE BRAIN
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

3. Histophysiology of the Nervous System
CLINICAL CASE
NEURONS
NEUROGLIA
GENERATION AND CONDUCTION OF NERVE IMPULSES
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

4. Neurotransmitter Substances
CLINICAL CASE
CLASSIFICATION OF NEUROTRANSMITTER SUBSTANCES
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

5. Spinal Cord
CLINICAL CASE
MORPHOLOGY OF THE SPINAL CORD
INTERNAL MORPHOLOGY OF THE SPINAL CORD
VASCULAR SUPPLY OF THE SPINAL CORD
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

6. Gross Anatomy of the Brain
CLINICAL CASE
CEREBRUM
DIENCEPHALON
CEREBELLUM
BRAINSTEM
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL
CASE QUESTIONS TO PONDER

7. Brainstem
INTERNAL ORGANIZATION OF THE BRAINSTEM
MEDULLA
PONS
MIDBRAIN
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

8. Meninges and Cerebrospinal Fluid
CLINICAL CASE
CRANIAL MENINGES
SPINAL MENINGES
VENOUS SINUSES OF THE CRANIAL DURA MATER
CEREBROSPINAL FLUID
VENTRICLES OF THE BRAIN
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

9. Vascular Supply of the Central Nervous System
CLINICAL CASE
VASCULAR SUPPLY OF THE SPINAL CORD
ARTERIAL SUPPLY OF THE BRAIN
VENOUS DRAINAGE OF THE BRAIN
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

10. Autonomic Nervous System
CLINICAL CASE
SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
NEUROTRANSMITTERS AND RECEPTORS OF THE AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
PELVIC AUTONOMIC FUNCTIONS
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

11. Spinal Reflexes
COMPONENTS OF REFLEXES
LOWER MOTONEURONS
SKELETAL MUSCLE INNERVATION
SKELETAL MUSCLE RECEPTORS
MUSCLE STRETCH REFLEX
RECIPROCAL INHIBITION
AUTOGENIC INHIBITION
WITHDRAWAL REFLEX
CROSSED EXTENSION REFLEX
MAINTENANCE OF MUSCLE TONE VIA THE GAMMA LOOP
ALPHA-GAMMA COACTIVATION
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

PART II Integrative Components of the Nervous System

12. Ascending Sensory Pathways
CLINICAL CASE
SENSORY RECEPTORS
ANTEROLATERAL SYSTEM
TACTILE SENSATION AND PROPRIOCEPTION
SENSORY PATHWAYS TO THE CEREBELLUM
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
MODULATION OF NOCICEPTION
NEUROPLASTICITY
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

13. Motor Cortex and Descending Motor Pathways
CLINICAL CASE
CORTICAL AREAS CONTROLLING MOTOR ACTIVITY
DESCENDING MOTOR PATHWAYS
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

14. Basal Nuclei
CLINICAL CASE
COMPONENTS OF THE BASAL NUCLEI
NUCLEI ASSOCIATED WITH THE BASAL NUCLEI
INPUT, INTRINSIC, AND OUTPUT NUCLEI OF THE BASAL NUCLEI
CONNECTIONS OF THE BASAL NUCLEI
CIRCUITS CONNECTING THE BASAL NUCLEI, THALAMUS, AND CEREBRAL CORTEX
OTHER CIRCUITS OF THE BASAL NUCLEI
NEUROTRANSMITTERS OF THE BASAL NUCLEI
“DIRECT” AND “INDIRECT” PATHWAYS (LOOPS) OF THE BASAL NUCLEI
CIRCUITS THAT MODULATE ACTIVITY OF THE BASAL NUCLEI
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

15. Cerebellum
CLINICAL CASE
MORPHOLOGY OF THE CEREBELLUM
CEREBELLAR PEDUNCLES
DEEP CEREBELLAR NUCLEI
AFFERENTS (INPUT) TO THE CEREBELLUM
EFFERENTS (OUTPUT) FROM THE CEREBELLUM
FUNCTIONAL ORGANIZATION OF THE CEREBELLUM: INTRINSIC CIRCUITRY
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

16. Reticular Formation
CLINICAL CASE
MORPHOLOGY OF THE RETICULAR FORMATION
ZONES OF THE RETICULAR FORMATION
NUCLEI ASSOCIATED WITH THE RETICULAR FORMATION
INPUT TO AND OUTPUT FROM THE RETICULAR FORMATION
FUNCTIONS OF THE RETICULAR FORMATION
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

17. Cranial Nerves
CLINICAL CASE
OLFACTORY NERVE (CN I)
OPTIC NERVE (CN II)
OCULOMOTOR NERVE (CN III)
TROCHLEAR NERVE (CN IV)
TRIGEMINAL NERVE (CN V)
ABDUCENT NERVE (CN VI)
FACIAL NERVE (CN VII)
VESTIBULOCOCHLEAR NERVE (CN VIII)
GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE (CN IX)
VAGUS NERVE (CN X)
SPINAL ACCESSORY NERVE (CN XI)
HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE (CN XII)
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

18. Visual System
CLINICAL CASE
EYE
CENTRAL VISUAL PATHWAYS
VISUAL REFLEXES
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

19. Auditory System
CLINICAL CASE
EAR
AUDITORY TRANSMISSION
CENTRAL AUDITORY PATHWAYS
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

20. Vestibular System
CLINICAL CASE
VESTIBULAR APPARATUS
VESTIBULAR NERVE (CN VIII)
CENTRAL PATHWAYS OF THE VESTIBULAR SYSTEM
CONTROL OF OCULAR MOVEMENTS
VESTIBULAR NYSTAGMUS
CALORIC NYSTAGMUS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

21. Olfactory System
CLINICAL CASE
OLFACTORY RECEPTOR CELLS
OLFACTORY TRANSDUCTION
OLFACTORY NERVE (CN I)
CENTRAL CONNECTIONS OF THE OLFACTORY SYSTEM
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

22. Limbic System
CLINICAL CASE
LIMBIC LOBE
BRAINSTEM CENTERS ASSOCIATED WITH LIMBIC SYSTEM FUNCTION
PATHWAYS OF THE LIMBIC SYSTEM
LIMBIC ASSOCIATION CORTEX
LIMBIC SYSTEM INPUT TO THE ENDOCRINE, AUTONOMIC, AND SOMATIC MOTOR SYSTEMS
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

23. Hypothalamus
CLINICAL CASE
BORDERS
HYPOTHALAMIC ZONES AND COMPONENT NUCLEI
HYPOTHALAMIC REGIONS (AREAS) AND
COMPONENT NUCLEI
CONNECTIONS OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS
PATHWAYS OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS
FUNCTIONS OF THE HYPOTHALAMUS
HYPOTHALAMOHYPOPHYSEAL CONNECTIONS
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

24. Thalamus
CLINICAL CASE
BORDERS
ANATOMY
INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL MEDULLARY LAMINAE
THALAMIC NUCLEI
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

25. Cerebral Cortex
CLINICAL CASE
CELLS OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
TYPES OF CORTEX
CELL LAYERS OF THE NEOCORTEX
VERTICAL COLUMNAR ORGANIZATION OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
AFFERENTS (INPUT) TO THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
EFFERENTS (OUTPUT) FROM THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
INTERNAL CAPSULE AND CORONA RADIATA
LOBES OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
FUNCTIONAL AREAS OF THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
CEREBRAL DOMINANCE
CLINICAL CONSIDERATIONS
SYNONYMS AND EPONYMS
FOLLOW-UP TO CLINICAL CASE
QUESTIONS TO PONDER

Index