Antibacterial Agents. Chemistry, Mode of Action, Mechanisms of Resistance and Clinical Applications (Hardcover)

Description

Antibacterial agents act against bacterial infection either by killing the bacterium or by arresting its growth. They do this by targeting bacterial DNA and its associated processes, attacking bacterial metabolic processes including protein synthesis, or interfering with bacterial cell wall synthesis and function.

Antibacterial Agents is an essential guide to this important class of chemotherapeutic drugs. Compounds are organised according to their target, which helps the reader understand the mechanism of action of these drugs and how resistance can arise. The book uses an integrated “lab-to-clinic” approach which covers drug discovery, source or synthesis, mode of action, mechanisms of resistance, clinical aspects (including links to current guidelines, significant drug interactions, cautions and contraindications), prodrugs and future improvements. Agents covered include:

• agents targeting DNA - quinolone, rifamycin, and nitroimidazole antibacterial agents
• agents targeting metabolic processes - sulfonamide antibacterial agents and trimethoprim
• agents targeting protein synthesis - aminoglycoside, macrolide and tetracycline antibiotics, chloramphenicol, and oxazolidinones
• agents targeting cell wall synthesis - β-Lactam and glycopeptide antibiotics, cycloserine, isonaizid, and daptomycin

Antibacterial Agents will find a place on the bookshelves of students of pharmacy, pharmacology, pharmaceutical sciences, drug design/discovery, and medicinal chemistry, and as a bench reference for pharmacists and pharmaceutical researchers in academia and industry.

Hallmark Features

• By categorizing and presenting antibacterial agents by target rather than by chemical class the book supports the thorough comprehension of the mechanism of action of these agents and also how resistance can arise.
• Integrated “lab-to-clinic” approach covers aspects from drug discovery and mechanism of action through to clinical applications.
• Incorporates results from the relevant Cochrane reviews.
• Literature sources are provided for further reading
• Diagrams are presented in full colour

Table of Contents

Preface

SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION TO MICROORGANISMS AND ANTIBACTERIAL CHEMOTHERAPY

• 1. Microorganisms
• Key points
1. Classification
2. Structure
3. Bacterial detection and identification
4. Other than its mode of action, what factors determine the antibacterial activity of a drug?
5. Bacterial resistance
6. The ‘post-antibiotic age’?
• References
• Questions

SECTION 2 AGENTS TARGETING DNA 35

• 1. Quinolone antibacterial agents
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions
8. Drug interactions
• Recent developments
• References
• 2. Rifamycin antibacterial agents
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions
8. Drug interactions
• Recent developments
• References
• 3. Nitroimidazole antibacterial agents
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Mechanisms of resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions and contraindications
8. Drug interactions
9. Recent developments
• References
• Questions

SECTION 3 AGENTS TARGETING METABOLIC PROCESSES

• 1. Sulfonamide antibacterial agents
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions
8. Drug interactions
9. Recent developments
• References
• 2. Trimethoprim
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions
8. Drug interactions
9. Recent developments
• References
• Questions

SECTION 4 AGENTS TARGETING PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

• 1. Aminoglycoside antibiotics
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions
8. Drug interactions
9. Recent developments
• References
• 2. Macrolide antibiotics
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions
8. Drug interactions
9. Recent developments
• References
• 3. Tetracycline antibiotics
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability (agwuh and macgowan, 2006)
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions
8. Drug interactions
9. Recent developments
• References
• 4. Chloramphenicol
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions
8. rug interactions
9. Recent developments
• References
10. 5. Oxazolidinones
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions
8. Drug interactions
9. Recent developments
• References
11. Questions

SECTION 5 AGENTS TARGETING CELL-WALL SYNTHESIS 261

• 1. b-lactam antibiotics
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions
8. Drug interactions
9. Recent developments
• References
• 2. Glycopeptide antibiotics
• Discovery
1. Synthesis
2. Bioavailability
3. Mode of action and selectivity
4. Bacterial resistance
5. Clinical applications
6. Adverse drug reactions
7. Drug interactions
8. Recent developments
• References
• 3. Cycloserine
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions and contraindications
8. Drug interactions
9. Recent developments
• References
• 4. Isoniazid
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions and contraindications
8. Drug interactions
9. Recent developments
• References
• 5. Daptomycin
• Key points
1. Discovery
2. Synthesis
3. Bioavailability
4. Mode of action and selectivity
5. Bacterial resistance
6. Clinical applications
7. Adverse drug reactions and contraindications
• Recent developments

• References
• Questions
• Index