Endometriosis and Adenomyosis. Global Perspectives Across the Lifespan

Part I. Endometriosis: An Overview.- Endometriosis in Human History.- Global Epidemiologic Data on Endometriosis.- Presumptive Causes of Endometriosis across the Lifespan.- Pathogenesis of Endometriosis: Retrograde Menstruation and Metaplasia, Inflammation, Autoimmunity, Genetics.- Classification and Clinical Staging of Endometriosis.- Diagnostic Modalities: Imaging and Markers.- Multidisciplinary Aspects of Chronic Pain without Endometriosis.- Part II. Endometriosis across the Lifespan.- Endometriosis In Utero and Early Life.- Endometriosis in Adolescence.- Endometriosis in the Reproductive Years: Fertility and Pain.- Endometriosis in Peri- and Postmenopausal Years.- Pregnancy and Obstetric Outcomes.- Part III. Miscellaneous Clinical Presentations and Management of Endometriosis.- Recurrent Endometriosis.- A Rare Entity of Extra Pelvic Endometriosis: Scar, Diaphragmatic, Pulmonary Involvement.- Fertility Preservation for Endometriosis.- Malignancy Risks Associated with Endometriosis.- Psychological Considerations in Endometriosis.- Sexual Dysfunction and Endometriosis.- Nutritional Interventions, Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Endometriosis.- Prevention of Endometriosis: Is It Possible?- How to Establish a “Center of Excellence” for Endometriosis.- Cost Estimates Associated with Diagnosis and Treatment of Endometriosis.- Part IV. Adenomyosis: An Overview.- What Is Adenomyosis?- Adenomyosis in Medicine.- Insights into Adenomyosis Development.- Classification and Staging of Adenomyosis.- Non-invasive Diagnosis of Adenomyosis: Ultrasonography and MRI.- Part V: Adenomyosis across the Lifespan.- Adenomyosis in Adolescence.- Adenomyosis in the Reproductive Years: Abnormal Uterine Bleeding, Pain, Fertility.- Pregnancy and Obstetric Outcomes in Adenomyosis.- Does Adenomyosis Increase Cancer Risk?- Part VI. Clinical Pharmaceutical Features of Drugs Used in Endometriosis and Adenomyosis Treatment.- Hormonal Therapy: Oral Contraceptives, Progestins, Danazol, Aromatase Inhibitors.- GnRH Agonists and Antagonists.- Part VII. Guidelines and Future Prospects for Endometriosis and Adenomyosis.- Recent Guidelines on Endometriosis and Adenomyosis.- The Future of Endometriosis and Adenomyosis Research.

Although endometriosis and adenomyosis are often assessed under the same umbrella, the epidemiology, clinical manifestations and management strategies of endometriosis and adenomyosis occur differently during the life cycle of a woman. Endometriosis can be diagnosed at many points across the lifespan, including adolescence and the climacterium, as well as pregnancy. Being associated with potential adverse health effects, different clinical presentations requiring different therapeutic approaches render it imperative to tailor management strategies for each period of the lifespan: in utero and early life, puberty and adolescence, reproductive years, pregnancy, late reproductive age, and the menopause.