Evidence-Based Orthopedics

Section I: Methodology of Evidence-Based Orthopedics Kim Madden, Sheila Sprague

• Chapter 1 Principles of Evidence-Based Orthopedics Niek van de Hoek, Paul Tornetta III
• Chapter 2 Hierarchy of Evidence and Common Study Designs Annie George, Ydo V. Kleinlugtenbelt, Kim Madden
• Chapter 3 Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Joseph T. Patterson, Saam Morshed
• Chapter 4 Healthcare Recommendations: Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) Approach Mark Phillips
• Chapter 5 Outcomes and Their Interpretations Leah Gitajn
• Chapter 6 Value-Based Orthopedics Nathan O'Hara, Daniel Mwayafu

Section II: Orthopedic Medicine Mohit Bhandari, Matthew Costa, Dinesh Kumbhare, Cecilia Rogmark

• Chapter 7 Critical Issues in Osteoporosis Management Matthew Wong-Pack, Kyra Cummings, Arthur Lau, Jonathan D. Adachi
• Chapter 8 Venous Thromboembolic Events Ernesto Kwek, Richard Buckley
• Chapter 9 Blood Transfusion Seper Ekhtiari, David W. Sanders, Jeffrey L. Carson
• Chapter 10 Wound Infections Mark D. Hasenauer, Michael D. Hunter, Kyle J. Jeray, Atul F. Kamath
• Chapter 11 Smoking Cessation Paul E. Matuszewski, David Zuelzer, Robert V. O'Toole
• Chapter 12 Perioperative Medical Management Jennifer Muniak, Susan M. Friedman, Joseph A. Nicholas, Daneil A. Mendelson
• Chapter 13 Orthobiologics John Buza III, Thomas A. Einhorn
• Chapter 14 Intimate Partner Violence Sheila Sprague, Taryn Scott, Erika Arseneau, Prism Schneider, Andrew Furey, Rudolf Poolman, Emil Schemitsch, Mohit Bhandari
• Chapter 15 Pain Management in Orthopedic Surgery Vishal Uppal, Harsha Shanthanna
• Chapter 16 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Depression Basem Attum, William Obremsky
• Chapter 17 Nutrition and Supplements in Orthopedic Care Marti Bernaus, Brad Petrisor, Sofia Bzovsky, Sheila Sprague

Section III: Joint Reconstruction Ernesto Guerra-Farfan, Waleed Kishta, Joan Minguell, Rudolf Poolman, Emil Schemitsch, Thomas J. Wood

Section III-I: Hip and Knee

• Chapter 18 Outpatient Total Joint Arthroplasty Michael Pollock, Brent Lanting
• Chapter 19 Hip Preservation Ahmed El-Bakoury, Asif A.H. Parkar, James N. Powell
• Chapter 20 The Direct Anterior Approach Thomas J. Wood, Brent Lanting
• Chapter 21 Computer Navigation in Total Hip Arthroplasty Aamer Malik, Lawrence Dorr
• Chapter 22 Highly Crosslinked Polyethylene in Total Hip Arthroplasty Glen Richardson, Michael J. Dunbar
• Chapter 23 Hip Resurfacing Adam Hart, Nikolaos Davarinos, John Antoniou
• Chapter 24 Metal-on-Metal Hip Arthroplasty Oliver Marin-Pena, Olga Pidgaiska, Pedro Reis-Campos
• Chapter 25 Ceramic in Total Hip Arthroplasty Peter M. Lewis, James P. Waddell
• Chapter 26 Cement in Total Hip Arthroplasty Jorge H. Nunez, Tony Fraguas, Ernesto Guerra-Farfan, Diego Collado
• Chapter 27 Head Size in Total Hip Arthroplasty Francesc Anges, Jorge H. Nunez, Pablo Castillon
• Chapter 28 Dual Mobility in Total Hip Arthroplasty Inaki Mimendia, Maria Jurado, Ernesto Guerra-Farfan, Vicoria Barro
• Chapter 29 Trunnionosis Christopher Del Balso, Emil Schemitsch, Brent Lanting
• Chapter 30 Periprosthetic Hip Fractures Lisa C. Howard, Bas A. Masri, Don S. Garbuz, Clive P. Duncan
• Chapter 31 The Infected Total Hip Arthroplasty Sebastian, Xin Y. Mei, Paul R. Kuzyk
• Chapter 32 The Painful Total Hip Arthroplasty Asif A.H. Parkar, Ahmed El-Bakoury, James N. Powell
• Chapter 33 Revision of the Femoral Component Lisa C. Howard, Bas A. Masri, Don S. Garbuz, Clive P. Duncan
• Chapter 34 Revision of the Acetabular Component Nikolaos Davarinos, Adam Hart, John Antoniou
• Chapter 35 Antibiotic Cement in Total Hip Arthroplasty Stephen M. Petis, Steven J. MacDonald
• Chapter 36 Unicompartmental Knee Arthroplasty and Patellofemoral Resurfacing Arthroplasty Waleed Albishi, Paul Jamieson, Ivan Kamikovski, Geoffrey Dervin
• Chapter 37 Cemented versus Uncemented Fixation in Total Knee Arthroplasty Thomas Turgeon
• Chapter 38 Cruciate Retaining versus Posterior Stabilized Total Knee Arthroplasty Michael G. Zywiel, Sarah Ward
• Chapter 39 Patellar Resurfacing in Total Knee Arthroplasty Michael G. Zywiel, Rajiv Gandhi
• Chapter 40 Mechanical versus Kinematic Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty Pascal-Andre Vendittoli, William Blakeney, Charles Riviere, Gene Dossett
• Chapter 41 Ligament Balancing in Total Knee Arthroplasty Pascal-Andre Vendittoli, Jihad Matta, Christophe Fornasieri, William Blakeney
• Chapter 42 Robotic in Total Knee Arthroplasty Seper Ekhtiari, Vickas Khanna, Anthony Adili
• Chapter 43 Patient-Specific Instrumentation in Total Knee Arthroplasty Seper Ekhtiari, Luc Rubinger, Vickas Khanna, Anthony Adili
• Chapter 44 Metal Allergy in Total Knee Arthroplasty Amit Atrey
• Chapter 45 Peri-operative Management in Total Knee Arthroplasty Sebastian M. Klim, Mathias Glehr
• Chapter 46 Arthrofibrosis following Total Knee Arthroplasty Samuel T. Walters, Saket Tibrewal, Jakob van Oldenrijk
• Chapter 47 High Flexion Implants in Total Knee Arthroplasty Thomas J. Wood, Douglas D.R. Naudie
• Chapter 48 Venous Thromboembolism in Total Knee Arthroplasty Harman Chaudhry, Mitchell Winemaker
• Chapter 49 Highly Crosslinked Polyethylene in Total Knee Arthroplasty Pascal-Andre Vendittoli, William Blakeney, bru Oral, Orhun Muratoglu
• Chapter 50 Exsposure and Implant Options in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty Felipe Moreira, Maria Jurado, Marcelo Casaccia
• Chapter 51 The Painful Total Knee Arthroplasty Jason Werle, Kelly Johnston, Nicholas Desy, Stuart Goodman
• Chapter 52 Diagnosing the Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty Mina Tohidi, John F. Rudan
• Chapter 53 Management of the Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty Ewout S. Veltman, Dirk Jan F. Moojen
• Chapter 54 Management of the Unstable Total Knee Arthroplasty John Esposito, James L. Howard
• Chapter 55 Stem Choices in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty
• Chapter 56 Periprosthetic Fractures: Knee Jesse Wolfstadt, Aaron Nauth
• Chapter 57 Femoral Bone Defects in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty Pablo A.I. Slullitel, Gerard M.J. March, Paul R. Kim
• Chapter 58 Tibial Bone Defects in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty Sebastian Leon, Jennifer Leighton Xin Y. Mei, Paul R. Kuzyk
• Chapter 59 Patellar Options in Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty Jesse Wolfstadt, Paul Zalzal

Section III-II: Shoulder

• Chapter 60 Implant Design Options in the Treatment of Shoulder Osteoarthritis Chad Myeroff, Michael Knudsen, Michael D. McKee
• Chapter 61 Cement in Shoulder Arthroplasty Midhat Patel, Niloofar Dehghan
• Chapter 62 Management of Glenoid Bone Loss Diego Soza, Montserrat Garcia-Portabella, Lledo Batalla, Josep Massons
• Chapter 63 Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Mitchel D. Armstrong, Bandar M. Assiry, Ryan T. Bicknell
• Chapter 64 Glenoid Components in Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Eric Benson, George Athwal, Kenneth Faber
• Chatper 65 Periprosthetic Joint Infection in Shoulder Arthroplasty Pater Lapner, Jay Keener, Thomas Duquin

Section III-II: Foot & Ankle

• Chapter 66 Osteoarthritis of the Ankle Rosa Busquets, Andrea Sallent
• Chatper 67 Osteoarthritis of the 1st Metatarsophalangeal Joint Seper Ekhtiari, Waleed Kishta
• Chapter 68 Hallux Valgus Sebastian Drago Perez, Cristian Ortiz Mateluna
• Chapter 69 Cavovarus Foot Sebastian Drago Perez, Cristian Ortiz Mateluna

Section IV: Trauma John Morellato, Brad Petrisor, Carlos Prada, Marc Swiontkowski

Section IV-I: General Trauma

• Chapter 70 Damage Control Orthopedics Sascha Halvachizadeh, Paolo Cinelli, Florin Allemann, Philipp Kobbe, Hans-Cristophe Pape
• Chapter 71 Open Fractures Michael D. Hunter, Mark D. Hasenauer, Atul F. Kamath, Kyle J. Jeray
• Chapter 72 The Mangled Extremity Tiffany Hyunh, Ted V. Tufescu
• Chapter 73 Acute Compartment Syndrome Aurelia Biari, Christopher Del Balso, Abdel-Rahman Lawendy
• Chapter 74 Noninvasive Fracture Management Natsumi Saka, Yoshinobu Watanabe, Takashi Matsushita
• Chatper 75 Calcium-Based Bone Substitutes Ross Leighton, Kelly Trask, Thomas A. Russell, Mohit Bhandari, Richard E. Buckley

Section IV-II: Shoulder Girdle and Upper Extremity

• Chapter 76 Scapula Fractures Peter A. Cole, Lisa K. Schroder
• Chapter 77 Sternoclavicular Joint Annie Weber, Raymond A. Pensy
• Chapter 78 Clavicle Fractures Chad Myeroff, Michael D. McKee
• Chapter 79 Acriomioclavicular Joint Chad Myeroff, Michael D. McKee
• Chapter 80 Proximal Humerus Fractures Benjamin Kopp, David Ring
• Chapter 81 Humeral Shaft Fractures David J. Hak, Cyril Mauffrey
• Chapter 82 Distal Humerus Fractures Brandon Girardi, Emil H. Schemitsch, Aaron Nauth
• Chapter 83 Elbow Dislocations Lisa C. Howard, Jason W. Pollock
• Chapter 84 Radial Head Fractures James D. Spearman Jr., David Ring, Lee M. Reichel
• Chapter 85 Olecranon Fractures Michael C. Daly, Jesse B. Jupiter
• Chapter 86 Forearm Fractures Habeeb Khan, Rudolf W. Poolman
• Chapter 87 Distal Radius Fractures Boris A. Zelle, Riikkaa E. Nomides
• Chapter 88 Carpal Dislocations Carl Nunziato, Geert A. Buijze, David Ring
• Chapter 89 Carpal Fractures Bert Perey, Emanuelle Villemaire-Cote, Francesc A. Marcano-Fernandez
• Chapter 90 Metacarpal Fractures Christina Ward

Section IV-III: Pelvis and Lower Extremity

• Chapter 91 Pelvic Fractures G. Yves Laflamme, Dominique M. Rouleau
• Chapter 92 Acetabular Fractures Juan Antonio Porcel Vazquez, Ernesto Guerra-Farfan
• Chapter 93 Hip Dislocations Luis Felipe Lopez, Carlos Prada, Gregory Della Rocca
• Chapter 94 Femoral Head Fractures Kevin D. Phelps, Joshua L. Gary, Milton Lee "Chip" Routt Jr.
• Chapter 95 Femoral Neck Fractures in Younger Patients Malynda Wynn, Trevor Gulbrandsen, Michael Willey, Matthew Hogue
• Chapter 96 Femoral Neck Fractures in the Elderly Dylan McCreary, Brian P. Cunningham, Marc Swiontkowski
• Chapter 97 Extracapsular Hip Fractures Luke A. Lopas, Andrew F. Tyler, Samir Mehta
• Chapter 98 Subtrochantric Fractures John Morellato, Steven Papp, Wade Gofton, Allan Liew
• Chapter 99 Femoral Shaft Fractures Costas Papakostidis, Peter V. Giannoudis
• Chapter 100 Distal Femur Fractures Graeme Hoit, Amir Khoshbin, Rudolf Poolman
• Chapter 101 Proximal Tibia Fractures Daniel E. Axelrod, Richard Jenkinson, Hans Kreder
• Chapter 102 Tibial Shaft Fractures Taylor Yong, Ilda Molloy, Leah Gitajn
• Chapter 103 Intra-articular Distal Tibia (Pilon/Plafond) Fractures Luc Rubinger, Seper Ekhtiari, Peter J. O'Brien
• Chapter 104 Malleolar Fractures Daniel E. Axelrod, David W. Sanders
• Chapter 105 Talar Fractures Pablo Mery, Carlos Prada
• Chapter 106 Calcaneal Fractures Richard E. Buckley
• Chapter 107 Lisfranc Injuries Robin R. Elliot, Nicholas B. Jorgensen, Terrence S. Saxby
• Chapter 108 Fifth Metatarsal Fractures Robin R. Elliot, Nicholas B. Jorgensen, Terrence S. Saxby

Section V: Spine Greger Lonne, Andrew J. Schoenfield

• Chapter 109 Mechanical Neck Pain Kenneth Nwosu, Thomas Cha
• Chapter 110 Whiplash Eren O. Kuris, Alan H. Daniels
• Chapter 111 Cervical Radiculopathy and Myelopathy Michael Fehlings, Jetan Badhiwala
• Chapter 112 Mechanical Low Back Pain: Operative Management Pranay Patel, Ian Buchanan, Zorica Buser, Jeffrey C. Wang
• Chapter 113 Mechanical Low Back Pain: Nonoperative Management Kirkham Wood, Craig McMains
• Chapter 114 Neurogenic Claudication Greger Lonne, Oystein Nygaard
• Chapter 115 Lumbar Radiculopathy Daniel G. Tobert, James D. Kang
• Chapter 116 Adolescent and Adult Spinal Deformity: Nonoperative Management Patrick Thornley, Colby Oitment
• Chapter 117 Adolescent and Adult Spinal Deformity: Operative Management Peter G. Passias, Frank A. Segreto, Samantha R. Horn, Cole A. Bortz
• Chapter 118 Metastatic/Myeloma Disease Marco Ferrone, Justin Bulcher
• Chapter 119 Spinal Infections Stuart D. Kinsella, Lauren B. Barton, Andrew J. Schoenfield

Section VI: Sports Medicine Asheehs Bedi, Moin Khan, Mininder Kocher

Section VI-I: General

• Chapter 120 Ergogenic Aids Michael J. O'Brien

Section VI-I: Shoulder

• Chapter 121 First Time Shoulder Dislocation Dana Swinehart, Jordan Meiss, Charles Cox
• Chapter 122 Recurrent Shoulder Instability Joost I.P. Williams, Amber von Gerhardt, W. Jaap Willems, Arthur van Noort
• Chapter 123 Rotator Cuff Tears Alberto Blanco, Montserrat Garcia-Portabella, Lledo Batalla, Josep Massons
• Chapter 124 Massive and Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears Brandon J. Erickson, Joshua S. Dines
• Chapter 125 Subacromial Pain Syndrome Egbert J.D. Veen, Ron L. Diercks
• Chapter 126 Pathology of the Long Head of the Biceps Daniel Wang, David Ring, Matt Driscoll
• Chapter 127 Superior Labral Tears and Throwing Shoulder Injuries Michael T. Freehill, Jacob M. Kirsch, Hiroyuki Sugaya, Jon J.P. Warner

Section VI-II: Elbow

• Chapter 128 Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries of the Elbow Frank G.J. Loeffen, Izaak F. Kodde, Denise Eyegendaal
• Chapter 129 Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow) Neeru Jayanthi
• Chapter 130 Ostechondral Dissecans Lesions of the Elbow Matthew Smith, Mitchel Obey

Section VI-III: Hip

• Chapter 131 Labral Tears Chetan Gohal, Nolan S. Horner, Marc R. Safran
• Chapter 132 Femoroacetabular Impingement Marc J. Philippon, Ioanna K. Bolia, Karen K. Briggs

Section VI-III: Knee

• Chapter 133 Initial Management of the Sports Injured Knee Aguilar Garcia M., Carbonell Rosell C., Pijoan Bueno J.
• Chapter 134 Meniscal Tears Nicola Maffulli, Domiziano Tarantino, Rocco Aicale
• Chapter 135 Anterior Cruciate Liagment Injuries Aaron Gazendam, Darren de SA, Freddie Fu
• Chapter 136 Posterior Cruciate Liagment Injuries Chetan Gohal, Nolan S. Horner, Jihad Abouali, John Theodropoulos
• Chapter 137 Combined Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Medial Collateral Ligament Injuries Domiziano Tarantino, Rocco Aicale, Nicola Maffulli
• Chapter 138 Multiligamentous Knee Injuries James P. Stannard, Hee Young Lee
• Chapter 139 Posterolateral Corner Injuries Nolan S. Horner, Chetan Gohal, Olufemi R. Ayeni, Daniel B. Whelan
• Chapter 140 Lateral Extra-articular Procedures and the Anterolateral Ligament Felipe Moreira, Marco Reverte, Enric Castellet, Joan Minguell
• Chapter 141 Cartilage Lesions of the Knee Marco Hevesi, Aaron J. Krych, Daniel B.F. Saris
• 
  Chapter 142 Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (Runner's Knee) Carlos Prada, Sebastian Irarrazaval
• Chapter 143 Osteotomy and Lower Extremity Realignment Procedures Jayson Lian, Darren de SA, Joao V. Novaretti, Volker Musahl

Section VI-III: Foot & Ankle

• 
  Chapter 144 Ankle Ligament Injuries Gwendolyn Vuurberg, J. Nienke Altink, Rover Krips, Gino M.M.J. Kerkhoffs
• 
  Chapter 145 Achilles Tendinopathy Domiziano Tarantino, Rocco Aicale, Nicola Maffulli

Section VII: Wrist Ruby Grewal, Tamara Rozental

• Chapter 146 Distal Radius Malunions Muhanned Ali, Roberto S. Rosales, Isam Atroshi
• Chapter 147 Distal Radio-ulnar Joint (DRUJ) Nina Suh
• Chapter 148 Wrist Osteoarthritis Randy Bindra
• Chapter 149 Rheumatoid Wrist Reconstruction Warren Hammert
• Chapter 150 Acute Scaphoid Fractures Joseph J. Dias
• Chapter 151 Scaphoid Nonunions Anne Eva J. Bulstra, Job N. Doornberg, Myriam C. Obdeijn, Geert A. Buijze
• Chapter 152 Carpal Instability Jessica B. Hawken, Aviram M. Giladi
• Chapter 153 Kienbock's Instability Simon B.M. MacLean, Gregory I. Bain
• Chapter 154 Trapeziometacarpal Osteoarthritis Jeremiah D. Johnson, Jennifer M. Brewer, Jennifer Moriatis Wolf

Section VIII: Hand Douglas C. Ross, Achilleas Thoma

• Chapter 155 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: Nonoperative Management Douglas C. Ross, Christopher Doherty, Thomas A. Miller
• Chapter 156 Capral Tunnel Syndrome: Operative Management Thomas A. Miller, Christopher Doherty, Douglas C. Ross
• Chapter 157 Carpal Tunnel Release: Minor Procedure or Operating Room? Kevin Cheung, Hannah St Denis-Katz
• Chapter 158 Thumb Carpometacarpal Osteoarthritis Ryan Wolek, Steven McCabe, Matthew Furey
• Chapter 159 Flexor Tendon Injuries: Surgical Management Robert M. Szabo, Shima Sokol
• Chapter 160 Flexor Tendon Injuries: Rehabilitation Matthew McRae, Daniel Waltho, Jenny Santos
• Chapter 161 Extensor Tendon Injuries Noor Alolabi, Monica Alderon, Carolyn M. Levis
• Chapter 162 Duputryen's Disease Lauren Willoughby, Daniel Waltho, Marta Karpinski, Achilleas Thoma
• Chapter 163 Rheumatoid Hand Reconstruction Kevin C. Chung, Oluseyi Aliu, Sandra V. Kotsis
• Chapter 164 Replantation Serge Goekjian, Lucas Gallo, Achilleas Thoma
• Chapter 165 Ulnar Neuropathy Christopher Doherty, Thomas A. Miller, Douglas C. Ross
• Chapter 166 Finger Fractures Claire Ryan, David Ring

Section IX: Oncology Michelle Ghert, Robert Velez

• Chapter 167 Radiation in Soft Tissue Sarcoma Anthony Bozzo, Aaron Gazendam, Kurt R. Weiss
• Chapter 168 Chemotherapy in Soft Tissue Sarcoma Robert J. Wilson, Jennifer L. Halpern, Jill Gilbert, Ginger E. Holt, Vicki L. Keedy, Herbert S. Schwartz
• Chapter 169 Surgical Margins in Soft Tissue Sarcoma Eugenia Schwarzkopf, Tomohiro Fujiwara, John H. Healey
• Chapter 170 Allograft Megaprosthesis Kelly C. Homlar, Robert J. Wilson III, Jessica R. Wilson, Jennifer L. Halpern, Herbert S. Schwartz, Ginger E. Holt
• Chapter 171 Biopsy of Soft Tissue Masses Aaron Gazendam, Anthony Bozzo, Casey Wang, David Wilson
• Chapter 172 Denosumab in Giant Cell Tumors of Bone Michael Parry, Robert Grimer

Section X: Paediatrics Emily Dodwell, Paul Moroz, Kishoe Mulpuri, Unni Narayanan

• Chapter 173 Outcomes in Pediatric Orthpaedics Unni G. Narayanan
• Chapter 174 Cerebral Palsy Vedant Kulkarni
• Chapter 175 Osteoarticular Infections Brice Ilharreborde, Cindy Mallet, Dimitri Ceroni
• Chapter 176 Simple Bone Cysts Cristina Alves, Ines Balaco, Marta Salom Taverner, Thomas Wirth, Michiel Van De Sande
• Chapter 177 Pediatric Clavicle Fractures Benton E. Hayworth, Nirav Pandya
• Chapter 178 Supracondylar Humerus Fractures Ravi Brar, David Skaggs, Sanjeev Sabharwal
• Chapter 179 Adolescent Spondylolisthesis Matthew Oetgen, Timothy Hresko
• Chapter 180 Early Onset Scoliosis Jason P.Y. Cheung, Susan Nelson, James O. Sanders, Ron El-Hawary
• Chapter 181 Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip Emily K. Schaeffer, Wudbhav N. Sankar
• Chapter 182 Legg-Calve-Perthes disease Benjamin Joseph, Hitesh Shah
• Chapter 183 Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis Eduardo Novais, Randy Loder
• Chapter 184 Pediatric Femoral Shaft Fractures Matthew Winterton, Shital Parikh, Keith Baldwin
• Chapter 185 Infantile Blount Disease Steven M. Rivero, Sanjeev Sabharwal
• Chapter 186 Pediatric Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Lindsay Schlichte, Colleen Wixted, Daniel Green
• Chapter 187 Clubfoot Anna D. Vergun, Peter Moskal
• Chapter 188 Tarsal Coalitions Joseph Fox, Maryse Bouchard

Surgical orthopedic procedures such as hip replacements, arthroscopy or knee replacements are surrounded by pre- and post-operative complications, and there are varying different methods for the procedures themselves. This book brings together the best evidence for treatments as well as any complications. Not only does it cover the evidence base for orthopedic surgery, but also orthopedic conditions requiring medical treatment, and pediatric orthopedics. Using the approved EBM methodology, and edited by teachers of evidence-based medicine this EBM textbook is an essential resource for all orthopedic specialists and trainees.