Cartilage Injury of the Knee. State-of-the-Art Treatment and Controversies

1 Articular Cartilage: Structure and Biology.- 2 Articular Cartilage: Functional Biomechanics.- 3 Biomarkers in Articular Cartilage Injury.- 4 How do we best Measure Expected Outcomes Following Cartilage Surgery?.- 5 MRI in knee cartilage injury and post-treatment MRI assessment of cartilage repair.- 6 Assessment of patient, joint, cartilage injury characteristics.- 7 Non-operative Management Options for Symptomatic Cartilage Lesions.- 8 The Role of Osteotomy in the Patellofemoral Joint with Cartilage Surgery.- 9 Osteotomy for the Varus Knee in Cartilage Surgery.- 10 Osteotomy for the Valgus Knee in Cartilage Surgery.- 11 Role of the meniscus in cartilage injury (basic science).- 12 Concomitant Meniscus Repair for Cartilage Treatment.- 13 Meniscus Root Tear and its Treatment.- 14 Meniscus transplant and Cartilage Treatment.- 15 Role of debridement of a Symptomatic Cartilage Injury.- 16 Management of Osteochondritis Dissecans.- 17 Managing concomitant cartilage injury with ACL tears.- 18 Marrow stimulation/Microfracture for cartilage repair.- 19 Microfracture augmentation options for cartilage repair.- 20 Cell-based cartilage repair.- 21 Role of MSCs in Symptomatic Cartilage Defects.- 22 Scaffolds for Cartilage Repair.- 23 Osteochondral autograft for the treatment of small cartilage injuries.- 24 Osteochondral allograft for the treatment of large cartilage injuries.- 25 Emerging cartilage repair options.- 26 Patellofemoral joint stabilization with cartilage restoration.- 27 Cartilage restoration strategies for the patellofemoral joint.- 28 Rehabilitation and decision for return to play following Cartilage Restoration Surgery.- 29 Return to sport following cartilage treatment: where is the evidence?

Cartilage injuries of the knee are common, and diagnosis and treatment options have continued to evolve. This book focuses on current non-operative and surgical treatment strategies for articular cartilage injuries, highlighting the controversies and different approaches from an international perspective.

This book includes information on the basic science of cartilage structure and function, expert perspectives on imaging and diagnosing, as well as work-up of athletes and patients presenting with acute or chronic cartilage injury. It also provides an evidence base for current cutting-edge cartilage repair and restoration.

Written by leading experts in the field, the book, published in collaboration with ISAKOS and ICRS, is vital reading for orthopaedic and sports medicine surgeons, fellows and residents. It is also of interest to sports trainers, physiotherapists, medical students, postgraduate students, and physical medicine and rehabilitation specialists.

Author Information

Aaron Krych is a Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery and Co-Chair of Sports Medicine at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, MN, USA. He also serves as Director of the Orthopedic Surgery Sports Medicine Fellowship, Orthopedic Surgery Sports Medicine Research Fellowship, and Medical Director of the Mayo Clinic Bone and Tissue Bank. He is an orthopedic surgeon and his clinical focus has been on cartilage restoration in the knee, as well as knee osteotomy and meniscus. His research interests include improving cartilage allograft, adipose-derived MSC injection for hip and knee arthritis, meniscus repair and restoration, and single stage cell-based cartilage repair with recycled autologous cartilage and mesenchymal stem cells.

Leela Biant is Academic Head of Dept Trauma & Orthopaedics University of Manchester, Honorary Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon at Manchester University Foundation Trust, and Honorary Professor at Salford University. Her clinical and research interests include cartilage assessment and repair, biological regenerative surgery and arthroplasty. She currently serves as BASK Treasurer, on the ICRS Board and Chair of the Registry Committee, and on the British Orthopaedic Association Research Committee.

Andreas Gomoll is double board-certified in Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine. He is an Associate Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery, a Fellow of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons (AAOS), the American Orthopedic Society for Sports Medicine (AOSSM), and the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS). His practice focuses on the reconstruction of knee injuries, such as ACL tears, and meniscus and cartilage defects. He is widely considered one of the leading surgeons specializing in biologic repair of cartilage defects, joint preservation and treatments for early arthritis of the knee joint, such as ACL reconstruction, meniscus repair, and cartilage and meniscus transplantation.

Joao Espregueira-Mendes, MD, PhD, is Professor of Orthopaedic Traumatology and Chairman of the Orthopaedic Department at Minho University, Portugal, since 2005. He is Director of Clinica do Dragao - Espregueira-Mendes Sports Centre, FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence, FC Porto Dragao Stadium, Porto, Portugal. He also holds the position of Orthopaedic Surgeon of FC Porto and collaborator with Biomaterials, Biodegradables, and Biomimetics (3Bs) in the Department of Polymer Engineering at Minho University. Joao Espregueira-Mendes was President of the European Society of Knee Surgery, Sports Trauma and Arthroscopy (ESSKA) from 2012 to 2014, as well as President Founder of the ESSKA Foundation in Luxembourg (2013). Currently, he serve as Treasurer and Chairman of Finance Committee, and Member of the Education and Strategic Planning Committees of the International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine (ISAKOS). He is member of the Journal of ISAKOS Board of Trustees (JIBOT) and Associate Editor of The Journal of Cartilage & Joint Preservation. He is Board Member of the Patellofemoral Foundation, Member of the Advisory Board of the ESSKA Foundation and serves in the Advisory Board of FIFA Medical Centre of Excellence. He has published over 100 journal articles, participated in more than 50 book chapters and edited more than a dozen books on Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine.

Norimasa Nakamura is a Professor at the Institute for Medical Science in Sports at Osaka Health Science University and the Global Center for Medical Engineering and Informatics at Osaka University. He is an orthopaedic surgeon at the Osaka University Hospital, specializing in arthroscopic surgery and sports medicine. His research focuses on joint tissue repair, particularly the regeneration of cartilage, ligament, and meniscus using biological approaches.