Late Treatment Effects and Cancer Survivor Care in the Young. From Childhood to Early Adulthood

Chapter 1. Cardiotoxicity after Childhood Cancer Treatment.- Chapter 2. Kidney.- Chapter 3. Ototoxicity after Childhood Cancer Treatment.- Chapter 4. Complications in tumour orthopaedics.- Chapter 5. Causes and course of (severe) late effects - GI tract.- Chapter 6. Pulmonary toxicity - Causes and course of (severe) late effects in the Lungs.- Chapter 7. Growth hormone deficiency in adult childhood cancer survivors.- Chapter 8. Endocrine Late Effects - Thyroid Gland .- Chapter 9. Disorders of gonadal and reproductive function in survivors of childhood cancer.- Chapter 10. Fertility protection in childhood, adolescents and young adulthood cancer patients.- Chapter 11. Endocrine Late Effects - Adrenal Gland .- Chapter 12. Pregnancy and Birth.- Chapter 13. Endocrine Late Effects - Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome after Childhood Cancer.- Chapter 14. Subsequent primary cancer after childhood, teenage and young adult cancer.- Chapter 15. Diagnostic of Late Treatment effects: Neuropsychological Short Assessment of Disease- and Treatment-related Intelligence Deficits in Children with Brain Tumors .- Chapter 16. Long-term Positive and Negative Psychosocial Outcomes in Young Childhood Cancer Survivors and their Healthy Peers - Posttraumatic Stress Disorder / Somatoform Disorder.- Chapter 17. Cancer related fatigue .- Chapter 18. Late effects after treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in childhood and adolescence.- Chapter 19. Late effects after treatment of acute myeloic leukemia .- Chapter 20. Side Effects and Sequelae of Treatment for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia in Childhood and Adolescence.- Chapter 21. Late effects after treatment of Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in childhood and adolescents.- Chapter 22. Late effects after treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma.- Chapter 23. Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.- Chapter 24. Diagnostics and Diagnosis of Late Effectsin Childhood Brain Tumour Survivors.- Chapter 25. Late effects in children and adolescents with neuroblastoma.- Chapter 26. Late effects in children and adolescents with nephroblastoma.- Chapter 27. Hepatoblastoma and Hepatocellular Carcinoma.- Chapter 28. Long Term Sequelae after retinoblastoma .- Chapter 29. Late effects in children and adolescents with Ewing Sarcoma.- Chapter 30. Late effects in children and adolescents with osteosarcoma.- Chapter 31. Late effects in children and adolescents with soft tissue sarcoma.- Chapter 32. Potential late effects of rhabdoid tumor therapy.- Chapter 33. Late effects after treatment of malignant endocrine tumors.- Chapter 34. Skin cancer - treatment and implications for the long term follow up.- Chapter 35. Breast Cancer.- Chapter 36. Colorectal carcinoma .- Chapter 37. Genetic predisposition to late effects - pharmacogenomics of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity.- Chapter 38. Physical activity, exercise, and sports.- Chapter 39. Late effects after radiotherapy.- Chapter 40. Long-Term Follow-Up from the Point of View of a Person Affected.- Chapter 41. Networks of Survivorship Care.

This comprehensive guide describes the aftercare that is appropriate in young cancer patients and discusses in detail the risk and detection of treatment sequelae. It explains the impacts on body and mind of both the disease itself and the different risk-adapted cancer treatments currently in use. Clear guidance is provided on diagnosis and management of the principal treatment-related toxicities in different organs and organ systems and for a wide variety of tumor types. In addition, the role of genetic polymorphisms in the development of adverse therapy-related outcomes is explored, and advice offered on genetic counselling. As the number of long-term survivors of childhood cancer and of cancer in young adults continues to grow, so issues surrounding potential sequelae, second malignancies, and quality of life are becoming ever more important. All practitioners involved in the care of young cancer patients will find this book to be a helpful source of up-to-date information and assistance.

Thorsten Langer is Professor in Pediatric Oncology for patient-centered long-term follow-up research at the University of Luebeck. Professor Langer graduated from the Faculty of Medicine of Justus-Liebig University Giessen in 1995. Commencing in 1994 he trained as a pediatrician at the University Hospital for Children and Adolescents, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg. He joined also the research team of Prof. Beck and became a driving force of its work. He has been registered as a pediatrician since 2004 and as a pediatric hemato-oncologist since 2008. In 2005 he defended his PhD thesis on "Late effects after antineoplastic treatments in children and adolescents" using the German Late Effects Surveillance System clinical database for his research. Since 2007 he has chaired the working group "Late Effects Surveillance System" (LESS), and since 2011, the working party "Long-Term Follow-up After Childhood Cancer". In 2012 he became chair of the German Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (GPOH) research committee "Long-Term Complications". J.D. Beck remained also after his retirement a member of these research groups. In the Pan European research group PanCareLIFE Th. Langer chaired the work package "clinical and genetic risk factors for ototoxicty", contributed to the International Guideline Harmonisation Group and to the German AWMF guideline Long-term follow up guidelines after childhood cancer.

Carsten Bokemeyer is Professor for Internal Medicine and Director of the Department of Internal Medicine II (Oncology, Haematology, BMT with Devison of Pneumology) at the Oncology Center, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. He previously served as chairman and director of the executive board of the University Cancer Center Hamburg (UCCH). Professor Bokemeyer has been a Visiting Research Professor at the Erasmus University in Rotterdam,the Netherlands, and spend one year of trainining and laboratory reserch work at the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York, USA. He served as Chair of the German Geriatric Oncology Group from 2000 to 2013, is a member of the EORTC GI group and chairs the German Testicular Cancer Study Group since 2009. He has won various awards, including in 2014 the prestigious ESMO Award for his work in translating experimental findings in the field of colorectal and urogenital malignancies into clinical benefit for patients. He is on the editorial board for the Annals of Oncology and is a member of several national and international guideline groups. He has authored or co-authored more than 650 peer-reviewed scientific manuscripts and has edited a number of books on oncology with particular reference to topics in supportive care. He is vice president of the Hamburg Cancer Society and had been elected as president of the German Society of Haematology and Oncology for 2016-7. Since 2019 he is also the chair of the network of comprehensive cancer centers in Germany.

Joern D. Beck is a retired Professor of Pediatrics and a Pediatric Hemato- Oncologist at the Hospital for Children and Adolescents of the Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuernberg, Germany. He graduated at the Universities of Marburg and Munich.
After his appointment as Physician he worked for two years as a scientific assistant on DNA repair at the Biochemical Institut of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz. For his training as pediatrician he moved to the Children's Hospital of the same University, started working also with cancer patients, and became member of a research project on mechanismens of the immune reaction of the German Research Foundation.

With a grant of this Foundation he joined 1977 the group of R.A. Good at the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York. He worked not only in Immunology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, but established also for the Pediatric Department a program for the classification of leukemic cells, and participated in the therapy of cancer patients.

After almost four years in New York, he went upon invitation to the University of Erlangen-Nuernberg developing a team of young oncologists, and setting up at the Hospital for Children and Adolescents a Department for Oncology, Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, with special attention to children and adolescents with high risk leukemia.

The team of J.D. Beck introduced also the preparation of hematological stem cells from peripheral as well umbilical blood at the same University.

The author worked in many study commissions of the German Society of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology (GPOH) for the development of the oncological front line therapy.
Upon request of this scientific society in 1988 he set up as head of the Late Effects Working group with a team of experts a nationwide follow up program for pediatric and young cancer survivors. This group was developed further to the Late Effects Surveillance System, LESS, which he chaired until 2006, contributing also to the German AWMF guideline, Long-term follow up guidelines after childhood cancer.

In 1990 he was a cofounder of the Early and Late Toxicity Education Committee within the International I-BFM Study Group, the PanCare network in 2008, later on the european PanCareSurfup and PanCareLife projects. For the PanCareSurfup project he served as a member of the Ethical and Scientific Advisory Board until 2017.

J. D. Beck was honoured with two awards for his work in late effects research, and survivorship care, respectively.

The author is deeply thankful for having been a witness of the progress in childhood cancer therapy over the last decades, and also kind of proud for having been an active member of a world-wide group of hard-working scientists and care providers, united by the same goals toconquer the scourge of cancer in the young, ignoring all kinds of differences such as language, nationality, race, or political attitudes.

His legacy for our younger colleagues: "Hold on tight to your dreams! Even the smallest steps forward may be a source of happiness."