Essentials of Neurosurgical Anesthesia and Critical Care. Strategies for Prevention, Early Detection, and Successful Management of Perioperative…

Section I. Basics of Neuroanesthesia

Chapter 1 - The Adult Central Nervous System: Anatomy and Physiology - Punita Sharma and Frederick Sieber
Chapter 2 - Neuroendocrine Physiology: Fundamentals and Common Syndromes - Jason D. Walls, Mitchell L. Weinstein and Joshua H. Atkins
Chapter 3 - Cerebral Edema: Pathophysiology and Principles of Management - Ross Martini and Andrea Orfanakis
Chapter 4 - Management of Fluids, Electrolytes and Blood Products in Neurosurgical Patients - Pratik V. Patel and Sadeq A. Quraishi
Chapter 5 - Key Monitoring in Neuroanesthesia: Principles, Techniques and Indications - Martin Smith
Chapter 6 - Assessing the Anesthetized State with the Electroencephalogram - George A. Mashour

Section II. Preoperative Concerns of the Neuroanesthesiologist

Chapter 7 - Cardiovascular Risk and Instability: Evaluation, Management and Triage - Justin D. Ramos and Jeffrey R. Kirsch
Chapter 8 - Risk Assessment and Treatment of Critical Carotid Stenosis: Suggestions for Perioperative Management - Kory S. Herrick
Chapter 9 - Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Risk Assessment and Perioperative Complications - Chanhung Z. Lee, Pekka Talke and Nerissa U. Ko
Chapter 10 - Traumatic Brain Injury: Risk Assessment and Perioperative Management - Jonathan Z. Pan and Lingzhong Meng
Chapter 11 - Rare Neurologic Disorders and Neuromuscular Diseases: Risk Assessment and Perioperative Management - Nicholas Hirsch and Ugan Reddy
Chapter 12 - Perioperative Pharmacotherapy in Neurosurgery: Risk Assessment and Planning - Alejandro E. Delfino, Javiera Benavides Tala and Hernan Munoz
Chapter 13 - Specific Considerations Regarding Consent and Communication with Patients and Family Prior to Neurosurgery - Kenneth Abbey and Chloe Allen-Maycock
Chapter 14 - Neurotoxicity of General Anesthetics - Margaret K. Menzel Ellis and Ansgar M. Brambrink
Chapter 15 - Postoperative Neurocognitive Disorders in the Geriatric Patient - Katie J. Schenning and Miles Berger
Chapter 16 - The Chronic Pain Patient Scheduled For Neurosurgery - Sydney E. Rose and Kimberly Mauer
Chapter 17 - Anesthesia for Patients Scheduled for Intraoperative Electrophysiological Monitoring - Antoun H. Koht and Tod B. Sloan
Chapter 18 - Factors Influencing Outcome in Neurosurgical Anesthesia - R. Ryan Field
Chapter 19 - A Comparison of Inhaled Anesthesia and Total Intravenous Anesthesia with Target-Controlled Infusion for Neuroanesthesia - Pablo O. Sepulveda V. and Francisco A. Lobo

Section III. Fundamentals of Adult Neurosurgery / Neuroanesthesia

Chapter 20 - Preparing for Anesthesia in Neurosurgical Patients - Melissa Brockerville and Pirjo Manninen
Chapter 21 - Basics of Neurosurgical Techniques and Procedures - Jennifer D. Sokolowski, Tony R. Wang and Kenneth C. Liu
Chapter 22 - Positioning the Patient for Neurosurgical Operations - Katherine O. Heller, Monica S. Vavilala and Irene Rozet
Chapter 23 - The Intraoperative Team: Getting the Most out of Collaborative Care in the Operating Room - Debra A. Reeves
Chapter 24 - Next Level Communication - Debra A. Reeves and Haley Sands

Section IV. Critical Situations During Anesthesia for Brain Surgery in Adults

Chapter 25 - The "Tight Brain": Cerebral Herniation Syndrome - Leslie C. Jameson, Paul D. Mongan, Daniel J. Janik and Tod B. Sloan
Chapter 26 - Cerebral Ischemia: Options for Perioperative Neuroprotection - Martin Soehle
Chapter 27 - Massive Hemorrhage During Craniotomy: Emergency Management - Elizabeth Dryland and Audree A. Bendo
Chapter 28 - Challenges During Anesthesia for Awake Craniotomy - Judith Dinsmore
Chapter 29 - Perioperative Challenges During Stereotactic Neurosurgery and Deep Brain Stimulator Placement - Mitchell Y. Lee and Marc J. Bloom
Chapter 30 - Perioperative Challenges During Posterior Fossa Surgery - Martin Schott, Dieter Suhr and Jan-Peter A. H. Jantzen
Chapter 31 - Perioperative Challenges During Surgical Evacuation of Subdural and Epidural Hematomas - Walter M. van den Bergh, Anthony R. Absalom and Olaf L. Cremer
Chapter 32 - Perioperative Challenges During Cerebrovascular Surgery - Panagiotis Mastorakos, Daniel M. S. Raper and Kenneth C. Liu
Chapter 33 - Perioperative Challenges During Pituitary Surgery - Shuji Dohi
Chapter 34 - Perioperative Challenges During Craniotomy for Space-Occupying Brain Lesions - Chanannait Paisansathan and Verna L. Baughman

Section V. Critical Situations During Anesthesia for Spinal Surgery in Adults

Chapter 35 - Perioperative Challenges in Patients With Unstable Spine - Carl Helge Nielsen
Chapter 36 - Airway Crisis Associated with Cervical Spine Surgery - Edward Crosby
Chapter 37 - Spinal Cord Injury During Spinal Surgery - Hironobu Hayashi and Masahiko Kawaguchi
Chapter 38 - Blood Loss During Spinal Surgery - Matthew TV Chan and Patricia KY Kan
Chapter 39 - Coagulopathy in Spinal Surgery - Andrew H. Milby, Casey H. Halpern and James M. Schuster
Chapter 40 - Postoperative Visual Loss Following Spinal Surgery - Lorri A. Lee

Section VI. Critical Situations During Anesthesia for Other Procedures in Adult Neurosurgery

Chapter 41 - Perioperative Challenges During Diagnostic and Perioperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - Girija Prasad Rath and Deepak Sharma
Chapter 42 - Perioperative Challenges During Electro Convulsive Therapy (ECT) - Carrie Bowman-Dalley and James G. Hilliard
Chapter 43 - Perioperative Challenges During Carotid Artery Revascularization - Ursula Schulz

Section VII. Specific Perioperative Concerns in Adult Neuroanesthesia

Chapter 44 - Venous Air Embolism During Neurosurgery - Chris C. Lee, Anshi Wu and Min Li
Chapter 45 - Arterial Hypotension, Hypertension - Kirstin M. Erickson and Daniel J. Cole
Chapter 46 - Hyperthermia and Hypothermia During Neurosurgical Procedures - Eric Tesoriero, Evgeni Brotfain and Akiva Leibowitz
Chapter 47 - Challenges Associated with Perioperative Monitoring During Neurosurgery - Viraat Harsh, Shankar P. Gopinath and Claudia S. Robertson
Chapter 48 - Unintended Wake-up During Neurosurgery - Chris C. Lee, Tian-Long Wang and Susan Ironstone
Chapter 49 - Cardiac Arrest/Code - Jurgen Knapp, Michael Bernhard and Bernd W. Boettiger
Chapter 50 - Arousal from Anesthesia: Failure to Emerge - W. Scott Jellish
Chapter 51 - Communication Challenges During the Perioperative Period - David J. Murray

Section VIII. Fundamentals of Pediatric Neurosurgery and Neuroanesthesia

Chapter 52 - Anatomy and Physiology of the Central Nervous System in Children - Benjamin B. Bruins and Todd J. Kilbaugh
Chapter 53 - Pediatric Anesthetic Care Requirements - Mali Hetmaniuk and Gregory J. Latham
Chapter 54 - The Pediatric Airway in Neurosurgery - Debra Elayne Morrison and Zeev N. Kain
Chapter 55 - Specific Aspects of Positioning, Fluids, Glucose Control and Temperature Management - Gerhard K. Wolf, Sulpicio G. Soriano and John H. Arnold

Section IX. Critical Situations During Anesthesia for Pediatric Neurosurgery

Chapter 56 - Challenges During Surgery for Hydrochephalus - Inger Aliason and Jeffrey L. Koh
Chapter 57 - Challenges During Surgery for Traumatic Brain Injury in Children and Adults - Giuliana Geng-Ramos and Dolores B. Njoku
Chapter 58 - Challenges During Surgery for Meningomyelocele and Encephalomyelocele - Brad M. Taicher and Allison Kinder Ross
Chapter 59 - Challenges During Cranial Decompression - Benjamin B. Bruins and Todd J. Kilbaugh
Chapter 60 - Challenges During Surgery for Craniosynostosis and Craniofacial Surgery - Heike Gries and Jeffrey L. Koh
Chapter 61 - Challenges During Tumor Surgery in Children and Infants - Jonida Zeqo, Gregory W. Albert and Jayant Deshpande
Chapter 62 - Challenges During Surgery for Vascular Anomalies in Pediatrics - Edward R. Smith, Craig D. McClain and Sulpicio G. Soriano
Chapter 63 - Challenges During Epilepsy Surgery in Pediatric Patients - R. Ryan Field, Abraham Rosenbaum and Zeev N. Kain
Chapter 64 - Challenges During Pediatric Endoscopic Neurosurgery - Nina Deutsch
Chapter 65 - Challenges During Diagnostic and Perioperative Imaging in Children with Brain Pathology - James Peyton, Mary Landrigan-Ossar and Craig D. McClain

Section X. Postoperative Concerns in Pediatric Neuroanesthesia

Chapter 66 - Emergence from Anesthesia Following Pediatric Neurosurgery - Kirk Lalwani
Chapter 67 - Postanesthesia Care Unit Risks Following Pediatric Neurosurgery - Balvindar Kaur and Andrew Davidson
Chapter 68 - Intensive Care Risks of Pediatric Neurosurgery - Craig D. McClain and Michael L. McManus

Section XI. Fundamentals of Interventional Neuroradiology

Chapter 69 - Radiation Safety in Interventional Neuroradiology - Justin P. Dodge, Neil E. Roundy and Kenneth C. Liu
Chapter 70 - Understanding Basic Techniques and Procedures in Interventional Neuroradiology - Daniel M. S. Raper and Kenneth C. Liu
Chapter 71 - Basics of Image Interpretation in Interventional Neuroradiology - Wibke S. Muller-Forell

Section XII. Specific Concerns Regarding Anesthesia for Interventional Neuroradiology

Chapter 72 - Procedural Challenges in Interventional Neuroradiology - Huong G. Nguyen, Catherine B. Barden and David L. McDonagh
Chapter 73 - Anesthesiological Challenges During Neuroradiological Interventions - Michael Aziz and Ansgar M. Brambrink
Chapter 74 - Specific Challenges during Neuroradiologic Interventions in Pediatric Patients - F. Cole Dooley and Timothy W. Martin

Section XIII. Challenges During Postoperative Anesthesia Care After Neurosurgery

Chapter 75 - Surgical Emergencies After Neurosurgery - Jason D. Walls and R. Alexander Schlichter
Chapter 76 - Postoperative Respiratory Complications - Yulia Ivashkova and Karen B. Domino
Chapter 77 - Neurologic Emergencies After Neurosurgery - G.S. Umamaheswara Rao and M. Radhakrishnan
Chapter 78 - Hemodynamic Complications After Neurosurgery - Jeffrey Yoder, Umeshkumar Athiraman and Rene Tempelhoff
Chapter 79 - Endocrinologic Emergencies After Neurosurgery - Ola Harrskog and Robert E. Shangraw
Chapter 80 - Postoperative Paralysis, Skin Lesions and Corneal Abrasions After Neurosurgery - Martin H. Dauber and Steven Roth
Chapter 81 - Postoperative Pain Management in Patients After Neurosurgical Operations - Mary Newton and Tacson Fernandez
Chapter 82 - Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting After Neurosurgery - Concezione Tommasino
Chapter 83 - The Intrahospital Transport of Neurosurgical Patients - Amy S. Odefey and Laurel E. Moore
Chapter 84 - Acute Post-op Brain Edema: Treatment Strategies - Ross Martini and Andrea Orfanakis

Section XIV. Challenges in Neurocritical Care of Neurosurgical Patients

Chapter 85 - Altered Mental Status in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Christoph S. Burkhart and Luzius A. Steiner
Chapter 86 - Cerebrovascular Vasospasm, Normal Pressure Breakthrough Edema, Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Sanjeev Sivakumar and Jose I. Suarez
Chapter 87 - Sedation, Analgesia, and Neuromuscular Blockade in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Travis Melin and Miko Enomoto
Chapter 88 - Airway and Pulmonary Management in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Edward M. Manno
Chapter 89 - Myocardial and Vascular Management in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Valerie Sera and E. Paige Gerbic
Chapter 90 - Nutrition and Glucose Management - Michael J. Souter and Arthur M. Lam
Chapter 91 - Fluid and Electrolyte Management in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Guillermo Bugedo and Maria Magdalena Vera Alarcon
Chapter 92 - Temperature Management in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Martin H. Dauber
Chapter 93 - Coagulation Management in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Irene Dehghan-Paz, Sarice Bassin and Thomas Bleck
Chapter 94 - Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Corey R. White and Kamila Vagnerova
Chapter 95 - Intracranial Monitors in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Matthew A. Kirkman
Chapter 96 - Central Nervous System Infection in Neurosurgical Critical Care - David W. Van Wyck and Michael L. James
Chapter 97 - Antiepileptic Drug Therapy in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Panayiotis N. Varelas and Denise H. Rhoney
Chapter 98 - Withdrawal of Mechanical Ventilation in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Paul B. Bascom
Chapter 99 - Brain Death in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Amit Prakash and Basil Matta
Chapter 100 - Organ Donation - Pamela A. Lipsett
Chapter 101 - Interaction with Family and Friends in Neurosurgical Critical Care - Amy E. Guthrie, Robert Hugo Richardson and Mary Denise Smith

This comprehensive, evidence-based book is intended to serve as a reference for medical practitioners involved in the perioperative care of neurosurgical patients. Fundamental aspects of neuroanesthesiology and neurocritical care are thoroughly examined across 101 chapters, outlining key elements that are crucial to a care provider's knowledge of the practice. These elements include specific diagnostic procedures and treatment options, concepts and applicable details of the available neurosurgical interventions and techniques, and mechanisms necessary to provide top of the line care for patients. Each chapter features definitive and distinct areas of this multi-specialty discipline, and is designed to guide the reader from problem to solution in situations that can arise in the clinical setting.

Essentials of Neurosurgical Anesthesia & Critical Care, 2nd edition is a problem-oriented approach textbook that will aid a wide variety of readers in handling day-to-day issues and developments relevant to the perioperative care of neurosurgical patients.

Ansgar M. Brambrink, MD, PhD
E.M. Papper Professor and Chair
Department of Anesthesiology
College of Physicians & Surgeons
Columbia University Medical Center / NewYork Presbyterian Hospital
New York, NY 10032, USA

Jeffrey R. Kirsch, MD
Professor, Chair-Emeritus
Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine
Oregon Health & Science University
Portland, OR 97239