Advanced Hemodynamic Monitoring. Basics and New Horizons

Preface.- Introduction.- Section I. Measurement of pressures.- Pressure physiological background.- Systemic arterial pressure.- Central venous pressure.- Pulmonary pressures.- Section II. Measurement of cardiac output.- Cardiac output physiological background.- Pulmonary artery thermodilution.- Transpulmonary thermodilution.- Pulse wave analysis.- Doppler techniques.- Echocardiography.- Bioimpedance and bioreactance.- Section III. Monitoring of volumetric parameters.- Volumetric parameters physiological background.- Global end-diastolic volume.- Extravascular lung water.- Section IV. Assessment of fluid responsiveness and dynamic tests.- Fluid responsiveness and dynamic tests physiological background.- Dynamic variables.- Dynamic tests.- Section V. Monitoring of microcirculation.- Microcirculation physiological background.- Vital microscopy.- Other techniques.- Section VI. Hemodynamic monitoring and therapy in perioperative medicine.- Hemodynamic monitoring and optimization in cardiac surgery.- Hemodynamic monitoring and optimization in non-cardiac surgery.- Section VII. Hemodynamic monitoring and therapy in Intensive care medicine.- Hypovolemic shock.- Cardiogenic shock.- Distributive shock.- Pulmonary edema.- Section VIII. Future of hemodynamic monitoring and therapy.- New methods and sensors.- Closed loop hemodynamic management.- Artificial intelligence and predictive analytics.- Conclusions.

This book describes how to monitor and optimize cardiovascular dynamics using advanced hemodynamic monitoring in perioperative and intensive care medicine. The book outlines basic skills of hemodynamic monitoring, different techniques including invasive, minimally invasive, and non-invasive methods, and algorithms and treatment strategies for perioperative goal-directed hemodynamic therapy in different groups of surgical patients. Thus, the book reflects current diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in perioperative and intensive care medicine. All sections of this book have a learning-oriented style and are illustrated with tables and figures summarizing the main content.

The volume is addressed both to specialists and residents using advanced hemodynamic monitoring; it reflects indications and limitations of current monitoring tools and discuss therapeutic strategies. It also helps readers to integrate new knowledge on monitoring of cardiovascular dynamics into clinical practice.

Author Information

Mikhail Kirov is currently the Head of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine of the Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia. Dr. Kirov graduated from the Northern State Medical University in 1994. During 1994-1997, he was a research fellow at the Department of Cardiac Anesthesia at the Research Institute of Transplantology and Artificial Organs in Moscow. In 2003, Dr. Kirov has received his PhD degree devoted to nitric oxide pathways in sepsis and acute lung injury at the University of Tromsoe (Norway). He was appointed the position of Professor at the Northern State Medical University in 2007, and became the Head of Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine in 2011. Professor Kirov is a member of the Intensive Care Scientific Subcommittee of the European Society of Anesthesiology, a Secretary of the Board of the Russian Federation of Anesthesiologists-Reanimatologists and the Vice-President of the Association of Anesthesiologists-Reanimatologists of Northwestern Russia. He has published 40 books and book chapters, more than 170 articles in international and national peer-reviewed medical journals, and more than 400 abstracts. His main research interests are monitoring, cardiac anesthesia, intensive care, sepsis, and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Vsevolod Kuzkov is a Professor at the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine of the Northern State Medical University, Arkhangelsk, Russia. Dr. Kuzkov graduated from the Northern State Medical University in 2000. During 2001-2007, he was a research fellow at the Department of Anesthesiology, University if Tromsoe (Norway) and graduated with PhD degree in 2006 with a combined clinical and experimental study on the monitoring of pulmonary edema. After returning to Arkhangelsk, Dr. Kuzkov worked as an Assistant Professor and an Associate Professor at the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine of Northern State Medical University. He was appointed the position of Professor in 2012. He is a member of the Educational Scientific Subcommittee of European Society of Anesthesiology and the local editor of the Update in Anesthesia, edition of the World Federation of Societies of Anesthesiologists. Prof. Kuzkov has edited, co-edited and co-authored more than 30 printed editions and book chapters, 80 articles in international and national peer-reviewed medical journals, and 200 abstracts. His main research interests are sepsis, monitoring, and acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Bernd Saugel is a Professor of Anesthesiology and consultant in the Department of Anesthesiology, Center of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine of the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (Hamburg, Germany). He is a specialist in anesthesiology, intensive care medicine, and internal medicine and holds the European Diploma in Intensive Care Medicine. His main field of research is the hemodynamic management of high-risk patients having surgery and critically ill patients. He especially focuses on concepts of "personalized hemodynamic management" using advanced innovative hemodynamic monitoring methods in perioperative and intensive care medicine. Prof. Saugel has published numerous original articles and didactic reviews in peer-reviewed journals. He is currently the Chair of the Scientific Subcommittee 14 (Monitoring, ultrasound and equipment) of the European Society of Anesthesiology.