Hearing. Anatomy, Physiology, and Disorders of the Auditory System

Description

Hearing: Anatomy, Physiology and Disorders of the Auditory System, Third Edition, provides detailed information about the anatomy and physiology of the entire auditory system and describes important aspects of disorders of the middle ear, the cochlea, and the nervous system in a comprehensive manner.

It has become apparent that the function of the ear affects the function of the auditory nervous system, and that pathologies of the peripheral parts of the auditory system can affect the function of the nervous system, and vice versa. The classical separation of the auditory system in peripheral and central parts is therefore no longer valid.

This book integrates descriptions of disorders of the ear and the nervous system and provides a comprehensive coverage of anatomy and physiology of the entire auditory system; it also introduces the role of neural plasticity in creating symptoms of diseases of hearing such as tinnitus, hyperacusis and phonophobia. A separate chapter discuses cochlear and auditory brainstem implants.

Table of contents

· Preface
· Introduction

· Section I: The Ear

· Chapter 1: Anatomy of the Ear

• · Abstract
• · The Outer Ear
• · The Ear Canal
• · The Middle Ear
• · The Cochlea

· Chapter 2: Sound Conduction to the Cochlea

• · Abstract
• · Head, Outer Ear, and Ear Canal
• · The Physical Basis for Directional Hearing
• · The Middle Ear
• · The Ear's Acoustic Impedance
• · Contribution from the Cochlea to the Ear's Acoustic Impedance
• · Tympanometry
• · Effect of Contraction of the Middle Ear Muscles on the Function of the Middle Ear

· Chapter 3: Physiology of the Cochlea

• · Abstract
• · Frequency Selectivity of the Basilar Membrane
• · Basilar Membrane Frequency Turning is Non-Linear
• · Motility of Hair Cells
• · Olivo-Cochlear Efferents can Affect the Mechanical Properties of the Basilar Membrane
• · Amplitude Compression
• · Recruitment of Loudness
• · Pathophysiology of Recruitment of Loudness
• · Automatic Gain Control
• · Sensory Transduction in the Cochlea
• · Degeneration and Regeneration of Hair Cells
• · Cochlear Echoes
• · Distortion Product Otoacoustic Emissions (DPOAE)
• · Autonomic Control of the Cochlea
• · Autoregulation of Blood Flow to the Cochlea

· Chapter 4: Sound Evoked Potentials in the Cochlea

• · Abstract
• · Electrical Potentials in the Cochlea
• · Electrocochleographic (ECoG) Potentials
• · References

· Section II: The Auditory Nervous System

· Introduction

· Chapter 5: Anatomy of the Auditory Nervous System

• · Abstract
• · The Classical Ascending Auditory Pathways
• · Non-classical Ascending Auditory
• · Parallel Processing and Stream Segregation
• · Descending Pathways

· Chapter 6: Physiology of the Auditory Nervous System

• · Abstract
• · Representation of Frequency in the Auditory Nervous System
• · Coding of Temporal Features
• · Is Temporal or Place Code the Basis for Discrimination of Frequency?
• · Coding of Complex Sounds
• · Directional Hearing
• · Non-classical Pathways
• · Efferent System
• · Effect of Anesthesia

· Chapter 7: Evoked Potentials

• · Abstract
• · Near Field Potentials from the Auditory Nervous System
• · Far-field Auditory Evoked Potentials
• · Auditory Brainstem Responses (ABR)
• · Middle Latency Responses (MLR)

· Chapter 8: The Acoustic Middle Ear Reflex

• · Abstract
• · Neural Pathways of the Acoustic Middle Ear Reflex
• · Physiology
• · Techniques for Recording the Contractions of the Middle Ear Muscles
• · Clinical Use of the Acoustic Middle Ear Reflex
• · References

· Section III: Disorders of the Auditory System

· Introduction

· Chapter 9: Hearing Impairment

• · Abstract
• · Conductive Hearing Loss
• · Sensorineural Hearing Loss
• · Diseases That Affect the Function of the Cochlea
  • · Meniere's disease
  • · Congenital Hearing Impairment
  • · Sudden Hearing Loss
• · Neural Components of Hearing Loss
• · The Role of Expression of Neural Plasticity
• · Pathologies of the Central Nervous System

· Chapter 10: Hyperactive Disorders of the Auditory System

• · Abstract
• · Subjective Tinnitus
  • · Effect of Tinnitus on an Individual Person
  • · Causes of Subjective Tinnitus
  • · Anatomical Location of the Pathological Abnormalities That Generate Tinnitus
• · The Role of Expression of Neural Plasticity in Tinnitus
  • · Hyperacusis
  • · Phonophobia
  • · Misophonia
• · Treatment of Subjective Tinnitus
• · Treatment of Hyperacusis and Misophonia

· Chapter 11: Cochlear and Brainstem Implants

• · Abstract
• · Cochlear Implants
  • · Physiologic Basis for Cochlear Implants
• · Cochlear Nucleus Implants
• · Factors That Affect Speech Discrimination
  • · The Role of Neural Plasticity
• · References

· Appendix A: Definitions in Anatomy

· Appendix B: Hearing Conservation Programs

• · Introduction
• · Purpose and Design of Hearing Conservation Programs
• · Establishment of Noise Standards
• · Measurement of Noise
• · Personal Protection
• · Non-occupational Noise Exposure
• · Effect of Noise on Bodily Functions
• · References
• · Abbreviations