Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders

Preface
Contributors

Section 1. Background and Diagnostic Assessment
1. History and Evolution of the Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
Frederick J. Stoddard Jr., David M. Benedek, Mohammed R. Milad, and Robert J. Ursano
2. Reactive Attachment Disorder and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder
Eric L. Scott, Christopher Keary, Jennifer M. King, Charles H. Zeanah, and Christopher J. McDougle
3. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Frederick J. Stoddard Jr., David M. Benedek, Mohammed R. Milad, and Robert J. Ursano
4. Acute Stress Disorder
Richard A. Bryant
5. Adjustment Disorder
Allison M. B. Webb, Shannon C. Ford, and Patcho N. Santiago
6. Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder
Meredith E. Charney, Sarah Wieman, Nicole Leblanc, and Naomi Simon

Section 2: Epidemiology and Special Populations
7. Epidemiology of Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
David M. Benedek
8. PTSD in Children 6 Years and Younger
Alexandra C. De Young and Michael S. Scheeringa
9. Trauma in Late Life
Kenneth Sakauye and James E. Nininger
10. Population Trauma: Disasters
Frederick J. Stoddard Jr., Robert J. Ursano, and Stephen J. Cozza
11. Culture and Trauma-Related Disorders
Devon E. Hinton and Roberto Lewis-Fernández

Section 3: Etiology
12. The Role of Stress in the Etiology of PTSD
Edward F. Pace-Schott and Samuel Gazecki
13. Characterization, Conceptualization, and Treatment of Sleep Disturbances in PTSD
Edward F. Pace-Schott and Ryan Bottary
14. The Neurochemistry and Epigenetics of PTSD: Implications for Therapeutics
Robert M. Post
15. Neurobiology and Neuroimaging of PTSD
Mohammed R. Milad and Kylie N. Moore
16. PTSD in Women: Sex Differences and Gonadal Hormones
Lisa Y. Maeng and Mohammed R. Milad
17. Genetics and Gene-Environment Interaction
Torsten Klengel, Lauren A. M. Lebois, Sheila Gaynor, and Guia Guffanti
18. Trauma in the Medical Surgical Patient
Nadia Quijije
19. Susceptibility, Resilience, and Trajectories
Jack Tsai, Natalie Jones, Robert H. Pietrzak, Ilan Harpz-Rotem, and Steven M. Southwick

Section 4: Prevention and Treatment
20. Evidence-Based Psychotherapies for Adults with PTSD
Juliette M. Harik, Jessica L. Hamblen, Sonya B. Norman, and Paula P. Schnurr
21. Psychosocial Interventions for Child Traumatic Stress
Glenn N. Saxe, Hannah Gartner, and Adam D. Brown
22. Pharmacologic Treatment of Adults with Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders: PTSD, ASD, and Adjustment Disorder
David M. Benedek and Gary H. Wynn
23. Pharmacologic Treatment of Children with Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
Suni Jani, Ryan Herringa, and Derek Hursey
24. Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
Gary H. Wynn and David M. Benedek
25. Device-Based Treatment for PTSD
Meng-chen Lo, Marie-France Marin, Alik S. Widge, and Mohammed R. Milad
Section 5: Care Delivery Services and Perspectives
26. Systems of Care: Public Sector, Disaster, and Military Populations
Elspeth Cameron Ritchie
27. Trauma- and Stress-Related Issues in the Workplace
Brian Flynn
28. Family-Based Interventions for PTSD
Stephen J. Cozza
29. Ethical Issues in the Forensic Assessment of Posttraumatic Symptoms
Edmund G. Howe
30. Future Directions in Clinical Care, Research, and Nosology
Frederick J. Stoddard Jr., David M. Benedek, Mohammed R. Milad, and Robert J. Ursano

• Presents an overview of the classic literature and historical events leading to the DSM-5 diagnoses of trauma- and stressor-related disorders
• Etiology section covers recent neurobiological, neuroimaging, neurochemical, and genomic and epigenetic research on PTSD, including possible treatment implications
• Examines RSRD manifestations across the lifespan and in a variety of special populations
• Contains easily accessible key points and graphics for effective learning

Trauma, stress, and manmade and natural disasters are increasingly impacting individuals and communities. The clinical and scientific advances presented here strive to address the rapidly expanding individual and community burden of disease resulting from the experience of traumatic or stressful events. The authors describe the suffering which trauma- and stressor-related disorders (TSRDs) cause, and explain in 30 concise chapters the state of the science for the DSM-5 trauma- and stressor-related disorders with regard to pathogenesis, diagnostic assessment and approach to treatment. This volume presents the genetic, neurochemical, developmental, and psychological foundations and epidemiology of the trauma- and stressor-related disorders, in addition to specific guidance on screening and evaluation, diagnosis, prevention, and biological, psychological and social treatments.

The chapters in this book cover a variety of TSRDs: posttraumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, adjustment disorders, persistent complex bereavement disorder, and reactive attachment and disinhibited social engagement disordersd. Graphics, including neuroimaging are integrated for easy reference and to aid grasping of key concepts. The book draws on the current literature and provides brief case scenarios from individuals and families exposed to psychological or physical traumas, including mass trauma events. Factors contributing to susceptibility to these disorders and to resilience are also addressed.

Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders provides an in-depth yet succinct introduction to current clinical and research knowledge for trainees and for professionals including psychotherapeutic, psychopharmacological, public health, and policy interventions. It addresses the level of evidence for different best practices to target the disabling cognitive, emotional or behavioral symptoms for a specific patient or population.

Frederick J. Stoddard Jr., MD Professor, Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School Psychiatrist, Massachusetts General Hospital Shriners Hospital for Children Boston, MA

David M. Benedek, MD Professor & Chair, Department of Psychiatry Uniformed Services University School of Medicine Bethesda, MD

Mohammed R. Milad, PhD Professor, Department of Psychiatry University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago, IL

Robert J. Ursano, MD Director, Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress Professor of Psychiatry and Neuroscience Chair, Department of Psychiatry Uniformed Services University School of Medicine Bethesda, MD