Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance

Description

Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance, Fifth Edition With Web Study Guide,leads students through the fundamentals of collecting and analyzing data of human performance and applying their results to real-life situations. Focusing on the core concepts of reliability and validity of data, the text provides all the necessary tools for evidence-based decision making that can be applied to physical therapy, allied health professions, kinesiology, sport and exercise science, physical education, health, and fitness.

The fifth edition of Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance provides students with a logical progression of information in a straightforward manner. Introductory algebraic concepts are combined with the technological capabilities of Microsoft Excel and IBM’s Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to aid students in calculations and data analysis. The text expands on previous editions and includes the following enhancements:

• Additional sport-specific and exercise examples, as well as physical education examples focusing on motor skill abilities and psychological skills, that provide real-world application of the material 
• Updated examples for use and practice with Excel and SPSS calculations and techniques that illustrate data analyses 
• Expanded emphasis on evidence-based decision making to guide students in making appropriate decisions
• 52 video interviews of top researchers who offer greater insight into the field as students work through the text

The text is divided into four easy-to-follow parts. Part I introduces the concepts of measurement and evaluation and their importance to decision making in human performance with specific attention to applications of measurement, testing, and evaluation. Part II explores statistics as core tools and resources for these evaluations and decisions and explains the various forms of statistical procedures often used in measurement. Part III takes the skills gained from parts I and II and extends them into applied issues in human performance, such as evaluating a person’s aerobic capacity or muscular strength. The importance of reliability and validity in data is also covered in detail. Part IV provides information on practical applications that apply all of the information from the previous sections. 

Learning aids for this text, including a robust and newly updated web study guide with activities and questions for active learning and engagement, enhance student comprehension and retention. Chapter objectives highlight main points that students should focus on throughout the chapters, and key terms are highlighted and defined in the glossary. Mastery Items include problems and activities that test student knowledge, while Measurement and Evaluation Challenge sidebars provide scenarios that can be tackled with the information gathered throughout the chapter. Additional data sets for each chapter are also provided in the web study guide for practice and mastery of techniques in Excel and SPSS. To aid instructors, Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance, Fifth Edition,includes a suite of ancillary materials: instructor guide, presentation package plus image bank, test package, chapter quizzes, and instructor videos. 

Measurement and Evaluation in Human Performance, Fifth Edition, continues to provide students with the tools and confidence they will need to gather reliable data, analyze it, and apply it in their work with clients. With its emphasis on understanding and applying sound measurement techniques, this fifth edition prepares students and professionals to identify problems and make solid decisions in the realm of human performance.

Contents

Preface
Acknowledgments

Part I. Introduction to Tests and Measurements in Human Performance

Chapter 1. Concepts in Tests and Measurements

Nature of Measurement and Evaluation 

Purposes of Measurement, Testing, and Evaluation

Domains of Human Performance

Summary

Chapter 2. Using Technology in Measurement and Evaluation

Using Computers to Analyze Data

Using SPSS

Downloading Data Matrices

Summary

Part II. Basic Statistical Concepts

Chapter 3. Descriptive Statistics and the Normal Distribution

Scales of Measurement 

Summation Notation 

Reporting Data

Central Tendency

Distribution Shapes

Variability

Standard Scores

Normal-Curve Areas (z Table)

Summary

Chapter 4. Correlation and Prediction

Correlation Coefficient

Calculating r

Prediction

Multiple Correlation or Multiple Regression

Summary

Chapter 5. Inferential Statistics

Hypothesis Testing

Independent and Dependent Variables

Overview of Hypotheses Testing and Inferential Statistics

Selected Statistical Tests

Summary

Part III. Reliability and Validity Theory

Chapter 6. Norm-Referenced Reliability and Validity

Reliability

Validity

Applied Reliability and Validity Measures

Estimating Agreement Between Measures Using the Bland-Altman Method

Summary

Chapter 7. Criterion-Referenced Reliability and Validity

Developing Criterion-Referenced Standards

Development of Criterion-Referenced Testing

Statistical Analysis of Criterion-Referenced Tests

Statistical Techniques to Use With CRTs

Criterion-Reference Testing Examples

Applying Criterion-Referenced Standards to Epidemiology

Summary

Part IV. Human Performance Applications

Chapter 8. Developing Written Tests and Surveys

Planning the Test

Constructing and Scoring the Test

Administering the Test

Analyzing the Test

Item Analysis

Sources of Written Tests

Questionnaires and Surveys

Summary

Chapter 9. Physical Fitness and Activity Assessment in Adults

Allen W. Jackson

Health-Related Physical Fitness

Establishing the Risk for Fitness Testing

Measuring Aerobic Capacity

Measuring Body Composition

Measuring Muscular Strength and Endurance

Measuring Flexibility

Health-Related Fitness Batteries

Physical Fitness Assessment in Older Adults

Older Adult Fitness Battery

Special Populations

Measuring Physical Activity

Certification Programs

Summary

Chapter 10. Physical Fitness and Activity Assessment in Youth

Allen W. Jackson

Health-Related Fitness and Motor Fitness

Norm-Referenced Versus Criterion-Referenced Standards

Normative Data

Youth Fitness Test Batteries

Fitnessgram

Variable Standards in Youth Fitness Tests

Enhancing Reliable and Valid Fitness Test Results With Children

Special Children

Institute of Medicine Recommendations for Youth Fitness Assessment

Measuring Physical Activity in Youth

Summary

Chapter 11. Assessment of Sport Skills and Motor Abilities

Guidelines for Sport Skills and Motor Performance Tests

Effective Testing Procedures

Developing Psychomotor Tests

Issues in Skills Testing

Skills Test Classification

Testing Motor Abilities

Purposes of Human Performance Analysis

Sport Analytics

Summary

Chapter 12. Psychological Measurements in Sports and Exercise

Robert S. Weinberg and Joseph F .Kerns

Sport Psychology: Performance Enhancement and Mental Health

Trait Versus State Measures

General Versus Sport-Specific Measures

Cautions in Using Psychological Tests

Quantitative Versus Qualitative Measurement

Scales Used in Sport Psychology

Psychological Skills

Scales Used in Exercise Psychology

General Psychological Scales Used in Sport and Exercise

Summary

Chapter 13. Classroom Grading: A Summative Evaluation

Evaluations and Standards

Process of Grading

Determining Instructional Objectives

Consistency in Grading

Grading Mechanics

Summary

Chapter 14. Performance-Based Assessment: Alternative Ways to Assess Student Learning

Jacalyn L. Lund

Impetus for Developing a New Type of Assessment

Types of Performance-Based Assessment

Establishing Criteria for Performance-Based Assessments

Subjectivity: A Criticism of Performance-Based Assessments

Selecting Appropriate Performance-Based Assessments

Issues to Consider When Developing Performance-Based Assessments

Improving Assessment Practices in Physical Education Settings

Summary

Appendix A: Microsoft Excel Applications
Glossary
References
Index
About the Authors
About the Contributors

Authors

James R. Morrow, Jr., PhD, is a regents professor emeritus in the department of kinesiology, health promotion, and recreation at the University of North Texas at Denton. Morrow regularly teaches courses in measurement and evaluation in human performance. He has authored more than 150 articles and chapters on measurement and evaluation, physical fitness, physical activity, and computer use and has made approximately 300 professional presentations. He has also conducted significant research using the techniques presented in the text.

Morrow served as president of the National Academy of Kinesiology and as chair of the President’s Council on Physical Fitness and Sports Science Board. He has received research funding from the United States Olympic Committee, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health, and the Cooper Institute. He is a fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM); the National Academy of Kinesiology (NAK); and the North American Society of Health, Physical Education, Recreation, Sport and Dance Professionals. He is also a research fellow of SHAPE America. Morrow has chaired the AAHPERD Measurement and Evaluation Council and is a recipient of that council’s Honor Award. He has produced four fitness-testing software packages, including the AAHPERD Health-Related Physical Fitness test, and was editor in chief of Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport from 1989 to 1993. He was the founding coeditor of the Journal of Physical Activity and Health. He enjoys playing golf, reading, traveling, and spending time with his grandchildren.

Dale P. Mood, PhD, is a professor emeritus and former associate dean of arts and sciences at the University of Colorado at Boulder. Mood has taught measurement and evaluation, statistics, and research methods courses since 1970 and has published extensively in the field, including 47 articles and 6 books. He has been a consultant to five NFL football teams and chair of the Measurement and Evaluation Council of AAHPERD, and he is a former president of AAALF. He is a reviewer for Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, and Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport. In his leisure time, Mood enjoys reading, officiating summer league swimming meets, traveling, following the activities of his 17 grandchildren, and participating in a variety of physical activities.

James G. Disch, PED, is an associate professor in the sport management department at Rice University. From 1986 to 1991 he was master of Richardson College at Rice. From 1995 to 2001 he was chair of the kinesiology department. Disch has authored numerous articles, chapters, manuals, and texts in the areas of applied measurement, prediction in sport, and applied sport science. A member of AAHPERD (now SHAPE America) since 1974, he has been chair, secretary, and advisory board member of the measurement and evaluation council of AAHPERD. He was vice president of the college division of TAHPERD and had numerous section chair appointments. Disch is also a reviewer for Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport and Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise.

Disch has coordinated several workshops and symposia on measurement and evaluation. He was a major contributor to the development of AAHPERD health-related fitness norms in 1980 and has worked as a consultant and advisor for Olympic and professional teams. In 1999 he received the National Measurement and Evaluation Council Honor Award, and in 2011 he was named a Sport Ethics Fellow of the Year by the International Institute of Sport and the Positive Coaching Alliance. He was named the TAHPERD Scholar for 2012.

Dr. Disch served on the board of the RBI Foundation (Recycled Baseball Items) from 2009 until 2014 and is the current chair of the Houston chapter of the Positive Coaching Alliance. He is also on the local planning committee for the Joe Niekro Foundation Knuckleball.

Disch earned his PED in biomechanics and measurement from Indiana University in 1973.

Minsoo Kang, PhD, is a professor in the department of health and human performance at Middle Tennessee State University. He received his PhD in kinesmetrics (measurement and evaluation) in kinesiology with emphasis in IRT, Rasch, and psychometrics from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Kang’s research has focused on measurement and statistical methods and their applications to assessments of physical activity and sedentary behavior. He has published more than 70 refereed journal articles, made 9 book contributions, and presented more than 200 research projects. He teaches courses on data analysis, research methods, meta-analysis, research seminar, and current measurement issues in human performance. He enjoys playing badminton, golf, and tennis.

Kang is a fellow of the American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) and a research fellow of SHAPE America. He has chaired the AAHPERD Measurement and Evaluation Council and is a recipient of that council’s Honor Award. Kang received the Distinguished Research Award at Middle Tennessee State University. He currently is an associate editor of the Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sports, a section editor of Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science, and a member of the editorial board for those journals.